Ordinance No. 571
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1 ORDINANCE NO. 571
2 AN ORDIliANCE OF THE CITY OF VERNON REGULATING THE USE, STORAGE
OR t~NDLING OF FLA~Th~BLE LIQUIDS AS DESCRIBED HEREIN WITHIN
3 TIlE CORPORATE LIMITS Olil lrEE CITY OF VERNON, OUTSIDE OF ZONE 3,
(as described in Ordinance No. 541 and amendments thereto)
4 OF THE CITY OF VERNON.
5 THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF VERNON DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
6 SECTION 1. CLASSIFICATION OF FLA!vTIVtABLE LIQUIDS.
7 For the purpose of this Ordinance, flammable liquids
8 are divided into three (3) classes according to the flash point
9 of sa.id 1 iquids.
Class 1: Liquids with a flash point below 25 degrees
Fahrenheit.
Class 2: Liquids with a flash point above that for
Class 1, and below 100 degrees Fa.hrenheit.
Class 3: Liquids with a flash point above tr~t for
Class 2, and below 200 degrees Fahrenheit.
The flash point shall be determined with an Elliott-
Abel, Abel...Pensk'y' or a Tag Closed Cup Tester, but the Tag Closed
Cup Tester (standardised by the United States Bureau of Standards)
shall be authorized in case of dispute. All tests shall be made
in accordance with the methods adopted by the American Society
for Testing Materials and approved by the American Standards
Association.
SECTION 2. MANUFACTURED LIQUID COMMODITIES INCLUDED.
All manufactured liquid or fluid commodity, such as
paint, varnish, dryer, cleaning solution and polishing liquid
which contains flammable liquid, shall, for the purpose of this
Ordinance, be considered flammable liquid and shall be classi-
fied as to flash point by the method set forth in Section 2
hereof..
Section 3. PERMITS REQUIRED.
Except as specified herein, a permit must be obtained
from the City Council of the City of Vernon:
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(a) For the storage or handling of a total quantity
of Class A liquids in excess of one (1) gallon, in any
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dwelling, apartment house or tenement, or in excess of
(ten (IO) gallons, which must be kept in all-metal,
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safety cans or containers, and which can or container
must not exceed five (5) gallon capacity in any other
building or place within the City of Vernon.
(b) For the storage or handling of a total quan-
tity of Class B liquid in excess of five (5) gallons, in
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any dwelling, apartment house or tenement, or in excess
of fifty-five (55) gallons inside any other building or
other place within the City of Vernon, unless stored in
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accordance with Sections 12, 13 and 14 of this Ordinance.
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SECTION 4. APPLICATION TO NEW AND EXISTING INSTALLA-
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TIONS, etc.
This Ordinance, and all parts thereof, shall apply
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to all new plants, stores, factories, equipment and installa-
tions, and,except as otherwise specified, to existing factories,
plants, stores, equipment and installations which constitute a
distinct hazard to adjoining property in so far as the intents
of this Ordinance can be reasonably fulfilled. All persons,
fir~s, or corporations storing, handling or using flammable
liquids shall be governed by this Ordinance, whether or not
specifically named or described in the Ordinance.
SECTION 5. OWl'fER OR AGENT :MAY USE CERTAIN :F'LAMlVLABLE
LIQUIDS WITHOUT PERMIT.
mnless a storage of quantities in excess of those
given in Section 3 hereof, is to be maintained for at least
thirty (30) days, nothing in this Ordinance shall require an
owner or occupant or his agent to obtain a permit for the use
2.
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1 of, nor does it prohibit the use by him of paints, oil, varnish
2 and sinilar flannnable mixtures.
3
SECTION 6. PERMITS FOR DIFFERENT OCCUPATIONS:
4 All permits shall state the nature of the business of
5 the applicant, the maximum quantity of each class of liquid to
6 be kept, and the location of the storage. Permits shall be
7 listed. as follows:
8
Garage Permit (with or without storage)
Storage Permit
Retail Deaper's Permit
Painter's Permit, including Spray Painting
Paint and Oil Dealer's Permit
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Jobber's Permit
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Manufacturer's Permit
Dry Cleaner's Permit
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SECTION 7. INSPECTION REQUIRED BE:B'ORE COVERING
INSTALLATION
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Before any installation is covered from sight, a
notification sha.ll be given the Chief of the ~ire Department, who
shall, within forty-eight (48) hours after the receipt of such
notification, inspect the installation and sive his approval
or disapproval. Upon failure of the Chief of the Fire Depart-
ment to inspect within the specified time, the installation
may be covered but shall be subject to inspection by the Chief
of the Fire Department at the expense of the City.
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SECTION 8. HAZARDOUS HEA'llING AND LIGHTING APPLIANCES
l'flAY BE PROHIBITED.
The Chief of the Iilire Department may prohibit the use
of any type, kind or make of heating or lighting appliance us-
ing flammable liquids which have not been tested by him or some
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3.
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1 competent authority and found to be properly safeguarded, or
2 which is not installed so as to provide reasonable protection
3 against life or property.
4 SECTION 9. CLASS I and II LIQUIDS PROHIBITED IN PLACES
5 O:B' PUBLIC ASSEI\ffiLY.
6 No Class I nor Class II liquids shall be kept or
7 stored in any schoolhouse, religious, amusement or other build-
8 ing used for public assembly, except in laboratores for exper-
9 imental purposes.
SECTION 10. STORAGE OF CLASS Is II and III LIQUIDS
11 NEAR EXITS, ETC.
12 No Class I, II, nor III liquids may be stored within
13 ten (10) feet of any stairway, elevator or exit in any building.
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SECTION 11. HANDLING LIMITED IN B1JILDINGS OCCUPIED
BY FAIVIILIES.
The mixing, storing or handling of flammable liquids
of Class I and II in open containers is prohibited in any store
in any building housing more than two (2) families, or in a
frame building housing more than one (1) family, provided that
this shall not apply to drug stores where flammable liquids are
used in making and compounding medicines and prescriptions.
SECTION 12. OUTSIDE STORAGE HOUSED
(a) The type of construction to be employed for
outside storage houses shall depend upon the proximity of
proposed location to other buildings or structures.
(b) Vihen an outside storage house is so located as
to seriously expose any nearby building or structure, con-
struction should be equivalent in fire resistance to Type
A construction requirements for inside storage or process
rooms.
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(c) \~len an outside storage house is so located as
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to moderately expose any other building or structure,
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construction shall be equivalent in fire resistance to
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Type B construction requirements for inside storage or
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process rooms.
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Note: In cases where exposures are slight or
absent, the above requirements may be
modified by the authorities having
jurisdicti on.
(d) The provisions of Types A and B Construction
for lighting, ventilating and first-aid fire appliances
shall be complied with. Heating shall be in conformance
with the provisions of Section 15.
SECTION 13. TYPE "AIf - INSIDE STORAGE OR PROCESS
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liQ.911.
For storage of flammable liquidsnin drums or other
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containers, or where there is extensive mixing, handling or
other processes involving their use.
(a) Construction
(1) Walls, floors and ceilings shall be of 8
inches of brick or concrete, 4 inches of
reinforced concrete, or 8 inches of tile
set in Portland cement mortar and plastered
on both sides with Portland cement plaster
to a thickness of 3/4 inch.
(2) Exterior doors or doors opening to other
rooms or building shall be provided with
non-combustible sills raised at least
6 inches.
(3) Floor shall be waterproof and arranged to
drain to a safe location.
(4) All door openings shall be protected by a
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standard fire door nf approved automatic
or selr-closing type, suitable for open-
ings in fire walls.
(5) Where other portions of the building or
other properties are exposed, windows shall
be protected in a standard manner.
(6) Shelving shall be non-combustible.
(b) Artificial lighting shall be by electricity with
installation in accordance with the provisions of Article
500 of the National Electrical Code for Class I, Group
D, hazardous locations.
(c) Good natural ventilation is preferable for stor-
age and process rooms. Ducts shall be of substantial metal
construction extending above roof of building and terminat-
ing in an efficient suction creating device and having
screened openings at floor level. Natural ventilation by
other methods of equivalent e~ficiency may be provided.
When a mechanical ventilating system is necessary, instal-
lation~all be in compliance with the requirements for the
removal of flammable vapors as provided by the Standards
for the Installation of Blower and EKhaust Systems.
(d) An approved waste can shall be provided for the
storage of oily rags or waste; contents shall be removed
daily.
(e) For first-aid fire protection there shall be pro-
vided extinguishing equipment of such type and amount as
required by the Standards for First aid Fire Appliances for
Class B fires. Such rooms should also be protected by
auton~tic sprinklers or other approved protection.
6.
1
SECrrIOl'l 14. INSIDE STORAGE OR PROCESS HOOM.
2 TYPE fiB"
3 The following specifications are intended to apply
4 to inside storage or process rooms, where the quantities in-
5 volved 40 not require Type A construction.
6
(a) Walls shall be one of the following types of
construction, and shall be continuous from floor to ceil-
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ing and be securely anchored.
Metal la.th encased in en.cased in solid cement
plaster not less than 2* inches thick.
Gypsum or cement plaster at least 3/4 inch
thick on metal lath on each side of stud positions.
Tile, gypsum or concrete block (cement plaster
on each side to thickness of 1/4 inch).
In lieu of the foregoing any type of partition
construction 'may be used which will afford one Hour's
protection against fire as determined by the American
Society for Testing Materials Standard Fire Test
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Specifications.
(b) Ceiling shall be of construction equivalent to
not less than 3/4 inch of cement or gypsum plaster on
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metal lath.
(c) Floors if of wood shall be protected with not
less than 2 inches of concrete; floors shallbe water-proofed
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and provision made for drainage to a safe place.
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(d) Door openings to other rooms or buildings shall
be provided with non-combustible sills raised 6 inches.
Such openings shall be protected by standard Class C fire
doors of approved automatic or self-closing type.
(e) Where other portions of the building or other
properties are exposed, windows shall be protected in a
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7.
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standard manner.
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(f) Shelving shall be non-combustible.
(g) Artificial lighting shall be by electricity
with installation in accordance with the provisions of
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Article 500 of the National Electrical Code, for Class
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I, Group D, hazardous locations.
(h) Good natural ventilation is preferable in all
storage and process rooms. Ducts shall be of substantial
metal construction extending above roof of building and
terminating in an efficient suction creating device and
having screened openings at floor level. Natural venti-
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lation by other methods of equal efficienc~' may be pro-
vided.
Where a mechanical ventilating system is necessary
installation shall be in compliance with the requirements
for the removal of flammable vapors as provided by the
Standards for the Installation of Blower and Exhaust
Systems.
(i) An approved waste can shall be provided for the
storage of oily rags or waste; contents shall be removed
da il Y .
(j) For first-aid fire protection there shall be
provided extinguishing equipment of such type and amount
as required by the standards for first Aid Fire Appliances
for Class B fires. Such rooms should also be protected by
automatic sprinklers or other approved protection.
SECTION 15. HEATING.
Where flammable liquids are store~, handled or used,
heating systems shall be subject to the approval of the Fire
Chief.
8.
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SECTION 16. NUMBER OF BARRELS IN EACH STORE nOOlil
2 No more than twenty-five (25) barrels, drums, or
3 containers of 55 gallon capacity shall be stored in anyone
4 storage room.
5
SECTION 17. KETTLES, VATS, ETC.
6 Kettles, Vats, Saturators and other vessels used in
7 manufacturing processes, and containing more than five (5)
8 gallons of flammable liquids; shall not be located within five
9 (5) feet of combustible material nor within five (5) feet of
10 any exit, unless tv/o or more exits are provided, and all c om-
11 bustible floor thereunder within a radius of ten (10) feet
12 shall be protected with non-combustible coverlngs. All kettles
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and other open vessels shall be provided with substantial covers
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arranged to close automatically in case of fire or which can be
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easil:r and readily placed in position, or shall be provided with
an adequate automatic extinguishing device.
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SECTION 18. VENTILATION
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Rooms' in which Class I and II liquids are used in
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open vats, pans or other vessels, or in which Class I, II and
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III liquids are heated or otherwise treated in such a manner as
to prOduce flammable vapor, shall be well ventilated. Where
natural ventilation is not sufficient the Chief of the E'ire De-
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partment may require forced ventilation with a vent opening
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of at least 20 square inches in the wall at the floor level
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near each open receptacle containing such liquids, or each
heating device from whi,ch vapors may escape and opposite to
any door or other air inlet. Such opening shall be covered with
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2x2 mesh No. 16 galvanized wire web and shall be kept clear of
all obstructions. From each vent opening afiue of at least 20
square inches area and of non-combustible materials, built into
the wall or floor or securely fastened thereto and so arranged as
9.
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1 not to be subject to mechanical injury, shall conduct to and
2 through a sparkless exhaust fan, to be run continuously, and
3 which shallbe of sufficient size to change the air in the room
4 completely every five minutes. All discharge outlets of vents
5 pipes shall be provided with 12 x 12 mesh or equivalent non-
6 corrodible wire screen and shall be so located that they will
7 not expose surrounding property and shall be acceptable to the
8 Fire Chief. Any other system of ventilation may be used when
9 approved by the Fire Chief.
10
Si"ECTION 19. EXTINGUISHERS RE~UIRED.
11 Where flammable liquids are kept, used or handled,
12 a quantity of loose non-combustible absorbats, such as dry
13 sand or ashes, together with pails or scoops; and chemical ex-
14 tinguishers or other extingushing devices or materials shall be
15 provided in such quantities as may be directed by the Fire Chief.
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SECTION 20. !DRUMS AND BARRELS MUST BE KEPT CLOSED.
17
Drums or barrels for flammable liquids shall have
caps, plugs and bungs replaced immediately after package is
emptied.
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SECTION 21. SMOKING PROHIBITED.
21
In all rooms or parts of buildings which contain flam-
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mable liquids in open containers or in which the vapors from
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flammable liquids are present, or in which flammable liquids
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are used in any manufacturing process, the carrying of matches
is prohibited and smoking shall be a misdemeanor. Suitable
~NO SMOKING" signs shall be displayed.
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SECTION 22.
LIGHTING SI~LL BE BY ELECTRICITY.
Flammable liquids shall not be drawn nor handled in
the presence of open flame or fire, but may be drawn and handled
when lighting is by incandescent electric lamps installed in
compliance with the "National Electrical Code."
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SECTION 23. STORli.GE TANKS.
2 Except as otherwise permitted in this ordinance, the
3 storage of flammable liquids shall be ouside buildings, in
4 underground tanks.
5
SECTION 24. UNDERGROIDiD STORAGE TANY~ LIMITED.
6 Tanks buried underground shall have the top of the
7 tank not less than 4 feet below the surface of the ground, and
8 below the level of any piping to which the tank may be connect-
9 ed, except that, in lieu of the 4 foot cover, tanks may be buried
10 under 24 inches of earth and. a cover of reinforced concrete at
11 least 5 inches in thickness provided, which shall extend at least
12 one foot beyond the outline of the tank in all directions;
13 concrete cover to be placed on a firm, well tamped earth foun-
14 dation. Where necessary to pI'event floating, tanks shall be
15 securely anchored or weighted. The limit of storage permitted
16 shall depend upon the location of tank with respect to the build-
17 ing to be supplied and adjacent buildings, as follows-:,
18 MAXIMUM CAPACPrY 01" TANKS POR
UNDERGROUND STOlli~GE.
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If top of tank is lower than Class I and II
all floors, basements, cellars, Under 1000
or pits of all buildings F. Flashpoint
Class III
Above 1000
F. Flashpoint
150,000 gallons
100,000 gallons
75,000 gallons
2,000 gallons
A. Within a radius of 25 feet 10,500 gallons
B. Within a radius of 20 feet 5,000 gallons
C. Within a radius of 10 feet 2,000 gallons
D. If' less tlUm 10 feet 550 gallons
SECTION 25. :MATERIAL OIi' UNDERGROUND TANKS
-- -
\Ranks shallbe constructed of galvanized steel, open
hearth steel or wrought iron of a thickness not less than speci-
fied in Table 1.
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TABLE I - UNDERGROlJND STORAGE TANKS
Minimum Thickness of material
Capacity Gauge Pounds Per
(Gallons) (U.S.Standard) Square Foot
1 to 285 16 2.50
286 to 560 14 3.125
561 to 1,000 12 4.375
1,101 to 4,000 7 7.50
4,001 to 12,000 1/4-inch 10.00
12,001 to 20,000 5/6-inch 12.50
20,001 to 30,000 3jS-inch :}.5.00
30,001 to 40,000 7!16-inch 17.85
40,001 to 50,000 Ij2-inch 20.40
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10 Tanks of steel or wrought iron thinner than No. 7 gauge
11 shall be galvanized.
12 With the approval of the Fire Chief, tanks of copper
13 or other suitable material may be used if,after the necessary
14 handling incident to installation, they are equivalent in
15 strength, rigidity, durability, and tightness to the steel or
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16 iron tanks described above.
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SECTION 26. CONSTRUCTION OF TANKS
(a) Tanks shall be welded or brazed. They shallbe
covered with asphaltum or other non-rusting paint or coat-
ing. All pipe connections shall be made through flanges
or metal reinforcements securely welded or brazed to the
tank and shall be made thoroughly tight.
All openings shall be gas tight, except breather
vent, which shall be protected by flame arresters.
(b) Tanks shall not be inter-connected in any manner
to allow fluid to flow from one tank to another.
SEClrION 27. PIPING Aim OTHER APPTJRTBNANCES.
(a) No Connections to Drains:
All connections to tanks or any house or sub-surface
drainage system shall be so arranged as to prevent the flow
of flammable liquid to any such system or the leakage of any
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1
fla~~able gases from such liquids, or approved flammable
2
liquid collectors shall be provided in such connection.
(b) All piping conveying flammable liquids underground
shall be standard weight galvanized iron, with beaded or
banded fittings or their ~quivalent Joints to be sealed
with litharge and glycerine or other suitable compound,
free from leaks, and no rubber or similar packing shall
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be used.
All piping connected to underground tanks
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shall lead directly from the tops thereof, and shall be in-
stalled to provide a drain toward the tank at a pitch of not
less than one-quarter (1/4) inch to the foot, ,and shall
be without sags or traps;
All piping, (except fill pipe)
shall be installed at a depth not less than twelve (12)
inches below the ground level; provided, however, that when
such pipe is installed beneath four (4) inches of concrete
or equivalent material the above depth shall not be re-
'Gfuired.
Fill pipe shall terminate outside of any building,
not less than five (5) feet from any door or other build-
ing opening; when located where accessible to motor ve-
hicles, it shall terminate in a non-combustible box or cas-
ing, to prevent mechanical injury, defective and leaking
pipes shall be made tight immediately or replaced. No
piping or tubing less than one-quarter inc~ internal dia-
meter shall be used. Piping carrying Class I and II liquids,
unless without joints or connections, shall not extend
through any room which contains any open light or fire.
SECTION 28. DELIVERIES TO STORAGE TANKS
Deliveries of flammable liquids of Class I and II,
where practical, shall be made directly to the storage tank
through the filling pipe by means of a hose or pipe between
13.
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1 the filling pipe and barrel, tank wagon or tank car from which
2 such liquid is being drawn.
:5
SECTION 29. PUMP REQUIRED.
4 Except as permitted in Section 31, Flammable liquids
5 shall be drawn from tanks by pumps so constructed as to prevent
6 leaking or splashing, or by some other system approved by the
7 Chief of the Pire Department with con1rolling apparatus and
8 piping so arranged as to allow control of the amount of dis-
9 charge and prevent leakage or discharge inside the building
10 by any derangement of the system. When inside a building, the
11 pump or other drawing-off device for Class I or II liquids shall
12 be located on or above the grade floor, preferably nea~an en-
13 trance or other well-ventilated place.
14
SECTION 30. NO GRAVITY FEED PERMITTED.
15
Except as permitted in Section 31, no tanks, drums
or other containers inside a building, or discharging inside a
16
17
building, shall be provided with a faucet or other bottom-drawing
device which will permit the gravity flow of liquids inside the
building. Pipes shall not terminate at any point lower than the
level of source of supply.
18
19
20
21
22
SECTION 31. EXCEPTIONS TO SECTIONS 29 and 30.
The Chief of the Fire Department may permit the storage
and gravity flow of flammable liquids in connection with domes-
tic oil buning equipments, in manufacturing and jobbing plants
23
24
25
where the nature of the manufacturing process requires such
storage and flow, and also the storage and gravity flow of
commodities of Classes II and III in stores, plants and estab-
32
lishments, where the nature of the liquid will not permit pump-
ing; provided that the contents of tanks holding Glass I liquid
shall be sufficient only for one day's operation and such stor-
age shall be in a room in accordance with ~ection 13. That such
14.
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1 gravity or vacuum tanks b~ocated not less than two (2) feet
2 from the device in which the burner is installed, provided the
3 temperature rise of the oil supply at this distance is not
4 excessive when the burner is operated at full capacity. That
5 supply tanks be securely attached to non-combustible supports
6 ri.gidly fastened to the floor or wall in such a manner as to min-
7 iIilize" the possibility of mechanical injury due to accidental
8 contact, jarring or vibration; and that such supply tanks be
9 provided with means for determining the oil level which will
10 not involve the possibility of leakage of oil.
11 SECTION 32. RELIEF VALVES FOR Pu}~S AND FUEL OIL
12 EQUIPWlENTS .
13 In systems using pumps to supply auxiliary tanks or
14 headers, which feed fuel oil burners, provision shall be made
15 to return surplus oil to the supply tank~ any valve installed
16
in the line shall be of pressure relief type. Where the heating
of Class III liquids is necessary a pre-heater, (not to exceed
six (6) gallons) may be installed at, or near the source of con-
sumption. The heating of any liquids in any underground tank
is prohibited.
17
18
19
20
21
22
SECTION 33. Any person violating any provision of
23
24
this Ordinance shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and,
upon conviction thereof, shall be punishable by a fine not to
exceed Three Hundred Dollars ($300.00), or by imprisonment in
the City Jail of the City of Vernon, or the County Jail of the
County of Los Angeles, for a period of sixty (60) days, or by
both such fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the
Committing Magistrate.
SECTION 34. The City Clerk shall certify to the
25
passage of this Ordinance and shall cause the same to be posted
32
15.
1 in Three of the most conspicuous places in the City of Vernon
2 to-wit: The Northwest corner of 38th Street and Santa F'e
3 Avenue, the Northwest corner of 37th Street and Santa Fe Avenue,
4 and the Bulletin Board in the Lobby of the City Hall of the
5 City of vernon, located at 4305 Santa Fe Aven~e, in said city.
6 This Ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after
7
thirty (30) days from the date of posting.
ADOPTED AND APPROVED this ~ day of ,~~
,
8
9 1944.
10
11
12
13
14
15 ATTEST:
20 STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
: sa
21 COUNTY OF LOS ANGELF..s }
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22
I, T. J. FURLONG, City Clerk, of the City of Vernon,
23, do hereby certify that the foregoing Ordinance was duly and reg-
24
ularly introduced at a regular meeting of the City Council of
1st day of August,
the City of Vernon, held on the ~.~~=~~'=~~=#ar.r, 1944 and
thereafter was finally adopted at a regular meeting of the said
25
City Council held on the 3rd day of October
following vote:
, 1944, by the
AYES:Poxon, Trowbridge, Mal11lard, Peralta, Leonis
NOBS: None
ABSENT: None
32
lerk
AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING
state of California )
)
County of Los Angeles:
)
City of Vernon )
I, T. J. FURLONG, City Clerk of the City of Vernon,
d~
~ (j.,J...t,v
_, in the
following places to-wit: At the northwest corner of 38th street
and Santa Fe Avenue, at the northwest corner of 37th Street and
santa Fe Avenue, and at the entrance to the City Hall, located
at 4-305 Santa Fe Avenue, there betng no newspaper of general
circulation printed and published in the City of Vernon.
Signed this J day of ~~ , 19L~~
"<Jo'~b""""'...~t\""j~ ~!"'I:.~ t\J/"jI'i"l lVf" t-~1l'l;
"h~ ~l~fI..'.' ,( "...',,, ",,' ,,',
.rZ':f~y 'L@'d~ . '.4 J
~,~:
ernon
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