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Resolution No. 571 RESOLUTION No. 571 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF VI~RNON, CALIFURNIA, ADuPTING SPE- CIFICATIONS No.20, FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ASPHALTIC CONCRETE PAVEMENT WITHIN SAID CITY. The City Council of the City of Vernon, California, does resolve as follows: That the following specifications, to be known as Specifications No. 20, for the construction of asphaltic concrete pavement in the City of Vernon, be, and the same are hereby adop- ted. I GENERAL RmWIREMENTS SEC. 1. DEFINITION OF TERMS: (a) The word "(hty", when used in these specifications, shall be deemed to mean the Citr, of Vernon, California. (b) The word "Council', when used in these specifications, shall be deemed to mean the City Council of the City of Vernon, Califor- nia. (c) The term "City Engineertl when used in these specifications, shall be deemed to mean the City Engineer of the City of Vernon, or his authorized deputy, agent, inspector, or representative. (d) The word "Contractor", when used in these specifications, shall be deemed to mean the party or parties contracting to per- form the work covered by these specifications. SEC. 2. PLANS: The work herein specified shall be done in accordance with the plans, profiles and drawings adopted and on file therefor. Any special provisions in the form of notes or details modify- ing these specifications in particular cases, embodied in the plans, shall supersede and control these specifications in those particulars. The Contractor shall keep upon the work a copy of the plans and specifications and access thereto shall at all times be accorded the CU,,,. Engineer or his authorized agents or inspeotors. SEC. 3. WORK TO BE DONE: The Contractor shall, for the price bid, execute the work in every respeot in a thorough, work- manlike manner in accordance with the plans and specifications and to the satisfaction of the City Engineer, and the materials used shall comply with these specifications and be to the satisfaction of the City Engineer. All work shall conform to the lines, elevations, and grades as shown on said plans. -1- . - ~.; / . :',:':i{::\;~. ;<~~,~:;~':.t~~~H2~ ' ";;;:"r'~~:":(<;1:'::" -'. ''<~i".\'' 4:}.--(:'~<:,j :;;~ <~~- .'> '.. -2- The Contractor shall dig all holes necessary for line and grade stakes. He shall preserve all stal~s set for the lines, levels or mea 31 rements of the work in their proper places until authorized to remove them by the City Engineer, and any expense incurred in replae~ said stakes which the Contractor or his subordinates may have failed to preserve shall be borne by the Contractor. SEC. 8. INSPECTIuN: The Contractor shall prosecute the work only in the presence of the Clty'Engineen.or his authorized agents or inspector s, and any work done in the>,absence of said City Engineer or his aU~lorized agents or inspectors shall be subject to rejection for that reason. The Contractor shall furnish the City Engineer or his authorized agents or inspectors all reasonable facilities for obtaining such information as they desire respecting the progress and manner of the work, and the character of the materials. SEC. 7. SETTING STAKES: The Contractor shall give twenty four (24) hours notice in writing when he will require the services of the City Engineer for laying out any portion of the work. The plans for the work show conditions as they are supposed or believed by the City Engineer to exist, but it is not intended or to be inferred that the conditions as shown thereon constitute a representation by the City, or its officers, that such conditions are actually existent, nor shall the Contractor be relieved of the liability under his contract, or the City, or any of its officers be liable for any loss sust~ned by the Contractor as a result of any variance between conditions as shown on the plans and the actual condi- tions revealed during the progress of the work or otherwise. SEC. 6. EXAMINATIUN OF GROUND: Bidders must examine and judge for themselves as to the location of the proposed work, the nature of the excavation to be made, and the work to be done. In the absence of the Contractor from the work, whether permanent or temporary, he must provide and leave a competent and realiable foreman or agent in charge. All notices, co~nunications, orders or instructions given or sent to, or served upon such agent or foreman, shall be taken as served upon the Contractor. SEC. 4 MATERIALS AND SAMPLES: All materials must be of specified quality, and fully equal to samples when samples are required. The Contractor shall furnish to the City Engineer for test, whenever called for, and free of charge, samples of all materials proposed to be used in the work. Rejected mat- erials must be immediately removed from the work by the Contrac- tor, and shall not be brought again upon the work. SEC. 5. LABOR: The Contractor shall employ competent fore- men, laborers and mechanics. Any overseer, superintendent, laborer, or other person employed on the work by the Contractor, who is intemperate, incompetent, or who shall perform his work in a manner contrary to these specifications, shall be discharged immediately and such person shall not again be employed on the work. -3- SEC. 16. DEFECTIVE WORK: No work which is defective in its construction, or deficient in any of the requirements of these specifications, will be considered as accepted in conseglence of the failure of any offioer of the City or Inspector connect- SEn. 14. PUBLIC urrILITIES AND HOUSE CONNECTIONS: In case it should be necessary to move the property of any owner of a pub- lic utility or franchise, such owner Will, upon proper applica- tion by the Contractor, be notified by the City Engineer to move such property within a specified reasonable time, and the Contractor shall not interefere with said property until after the expiration of the time specified. The right is reserved to the owners of public utilities and franchises to enter upon the street for the purpose of mak- ing repairs or changes of their property that may be~made necess- ary by the work. 'rhe City shall also have the privilege of entering upon the street for the purpose of repairing sewers, water pipes, or other pipes or conduits, or making house connec- tions therewith, or repairing culverts or storm drains. The Contractor shall not disturb any sewers or house connections that may, during construction, be found located in any place that is to be' occupied by some portion of the work which is to be constructed under his contract, or which occupy any portion of the trench or tunnel which it is necessary for him to excavate in prosecuting the work unless he first obtai~s from the City Engineer, a permit in writing so to do. SEC. 15 LOS::> OR DAMAGE: All loss or damage arising from any unforseen obstruct10n,eitbernatural or artificial, or ether d1l'l',loulti.. whioh....)'" be enoountered in the proseoution of'1::he werk, or f'rom any action of the elements, prior to final accept- ance of the work, or from any act or omission not authorized by these specifications, on the part of the Contractor, or any agent or person employed by him, shall be sustained by the C ontrac tor. No more than one cross street shall SEC. 13. CROSS-STREETS: be closed at one time. SEC. 12. BARRIERS, LIGHTS, ETC: The Contractor shall take all necessary measures to protect the work and prevent accidents during construction. He shall provide and maintain all necess- ary barriers, guards, te!nporary bridges, watchmen and lights. SEC. 11. OBSERVING CITY ORDINANCES: The Contractor shall observe all the ordinances of the City of Vernon in relation to the obstruction of streets, keeping passageways open and protecting the same where they are exposed or are dangerous to travel. SEC. 10. REMOVING OBSTRUCTIONS: The Contractor shall remove all trees, stones, debris and other obstructions that may be enoountered in making said improvements. SECo 9. PRESERVATION OF ~ONUMENTS: The Contractor shall not disturb any monuments or stakes found on the line of the im- provements until ordered by the City Engineer, and he shall bear the expense of re-setting any monuments or stakes which may be disturbed without orders. -4- The Goooh oruoible shall be set up again with the s~ction flask and the carbon disulphlde solution carefully decanted The asphaltic cement used under these specifications shall be a steam refined asphalt, prepared from crude asphaltic base petroleum. It shall be homogeneous, free from water, and shall not foam when heated to 175 degrees Centigrade. It Shall meet the following requirements for physical and chemical pro- perties: (a) It shall be not less than 99.4 per cent soluble in cold carbon disulphide when tested in the following manner: A Gooch crucible, approximately 4.4 em. in width at the top, tapering to 3.6 em. at the bottom, with a depth of 2.5 em., shall be set in a filter tube inserted in the stopper of a filtering flas1{. The flask shall be connected with a suction pump. Before suction shall be applied, the crucible shall be filled with asbestos suspended in water which shall be allowed to partly settle in the crucible. A light suction shall be applied to draw off the water, leaving a firm mat of asbestos in the crucible. More suspended asbestos Shall be added and the process repeated until a felt is built up that barely trans- mits light. The felt shall then be thoroughly washed with~ter, dried in a drying oven, and ignited over a Bunsen burner. The crucible shall then be cooled in a desiccator and weighed. An amount of material which shall contain approximately one gram of bitumen shall be weighed into a tared Erlenmeyer flask. One hundred cubic centimeters of chemically pure carbon disul- phide shall be added to the flask in ffinall portions with con- tinued agitation until all lumps disappear and nothing aill.eres to the bottom. The flask shall be corked and set aside for fifteen minutes. SEe. 19. ASPHALTIC CEMENT: II MATERIALS sEe. 18. FEES AND ROYALTIES: All fees and royalties for any patented invention, article or arrangement in any manner con- nected with the work, or with these specifications, shall be included in the price stated in the proposal, and the Contrac- tor shall protect and hold the City harmless against any and all demands or claims for such fees or royalties, whether such demands or claims are filed during the life of the contract or after its completion. . SOO. 1'7. PROTECTION OF WORK AND C IEANING UP: The Contractor shall care for all work until final complet{on and acceptance. He shall remove all surplus material and rubbish from the work, after its completion, and before he makes application for the acceptance of the work. e~ with the work to point out said defects or deficiency during construction, and the Contractor shall correct any imperfect work, whenever discovered, before the final acceptance of the work. tllrough the asbestos felt, with or without light suction as may be found necessary. No sediment shall be allowed to go onto the filter. A small amount of carbon disulphide shall be used to wash down the sides of the flask and then the precipitate shall be brought onto the felt and the flask scrubbed with a feather if necessary to remove all precipitate. The contents of the crucible shall be washed with carbon disulphide until the wash1ng~ are colorless. Suction shall be applied to the crucible to remove the carbon disulph1de. The crucible shall be dried in the oven at 100 degrees Centigrade to 12S degrees Centigrade for twenty minutes, cooled in the desiccator and weighed. In case insoluble matter adheres to the flask, the flask shall be dried and weighed and the increase in weight over the original weight shall be added to the weight of insoluble matter in the crucible. The crucible shall be ignited at a red heat and after thoroug4 ignition, cooled and weighed. The weight of substance taken, minus the total weight of matter insoluble in carbon disulphide, 1s the total bitumen. The weight of material after ignition is aah. in cold (b) It shall be not less than 99 per cent soluble carbon tetrachloride when tested in the following manner A Gooch crUCible, approximately 4.4 cm. in width at the top, tapering to 3.6 cm. at the bottom with a depth of 2.5 cm. shall be set in a filter tube inserted in the stopper of a filtering flask. 'f.he flask shall be connected with a suction pump. Before suction is applied, the crucible shall be filled with asbestos suspended in water which shall be allowed to partly settle in the crucible. A light suction shall be applied to draw off the water, leaving a firm mat of asbestos in the crucible. More suspended asbestos shall be added and the process repeated until a felt is built up that barely transmits light. The felt shall then be thoroughly washed with water, dried in a drying oven, and ignited over a Bunsen burner. The crucible then shall be cooled in a desiccator and weighed. The felt shall then be thoroughly washed with water, dried in a drying oven, and ignit- ed over a Bunsen Burner. The crucible then shall be cooled in a desiccator and weighed. An amount of material which shall contain approximately one gram of bitumen shall be weighed into a tared Erlenmeyer flask. One hundred cubic centimeters of chemically pure carbon tetrach- loride shall be added to the flask in small portions With con- tinued agitation until all lumps disappear and nothing adheres to the bottom. The flask shall be corked and set aside in subdued light for at least 12 hours. The Gooch crucible shall be set up again with the suction flask and the carbon tetrachloride solution carefully decanted through the asbestos felt, with or without light suction as may be found necessary. No sediment shall be allowed to go onto the filter. A small amount of carbon tetracholoride shall be used to wash down the sides of the flask and then 't:Jhe'px.ecipitate shall be brought onto the felt and the flask scrubbed with a. feather if necessary to remdve all precipitate. ~econtents of the crucible shall be washed with carbon tetrac~ride until -5- -6- (5) The transfer dish for container shall be a small dish or tray or such capacity as will insure complete immersion of the container dur1ngthe test. It shall be provided with some means whlch'will insUre a firm bearing and prevent rocking of the con- tainer. (3) The water bath shall be maintained at a temperature not varying more than 0.1 degree Centigrade from 25 degrees Centi- grade. The volume of water shall be not less than 10 litres and the sample shall be immersed to a depth of not less than 10 em. (4 in.) and shall be supported on a perforated shelf not less than 5 em. (2 in.) from the bottom of the bath. (4' Any apparatus which will allow the needle to penetrate without appreciable friction, and which is accurately calibrated to yield results in accordance with the definition of penetra- tion, will be acceptable. (1) The container for holding the material to be testea shall be a flat-bottom, cylindrical diSh, 55 mm. (2-3/16") in diameter and 35 rom. {1-3/8") deep. (2) The needle for this test shall be made from a cylindrical steel rod approximately 50.8 rom. (2 in.) long, and having a diameter of 1.00 to 1.02 mm. This shall be synunetrically taper- ed at one end to a cone approximately 6.35 rom. (1/4") in height and whose angle shall be within the range of 80 40' and 90 40'. After tapering, the point shall be "blunted" by grinding off to a truncated cone, the smaller base of which shall be from 0.14 to 0.16 rom. in diameter. The finished needle shall be hardened and highly polished. (c) The penetration at 25 degrees Centigrade, 100 grams, 5 seconds, shall fall between the limits of 3.5 millimeters and 5 millimeters. The penetration at 35 degrees Centigrade, 100 grams, 5 seconds, shall not exceed 200 per cent of the penetra- tion at 25 degrees Centigrade, 100 grams, 5 seconds; and the penetration at 15 degrees Centigrade, 100 grams, 5 seconds shall not be less.than 25 per cent of the penetration at 25 deg- rees Centigrade, 100 grmns, 5 seconds. The penetration shall be determined by use of the appara- tus and in the manner described as follows: The proportion of bitumen soluble in carbon tetrachloride shall be reported on the basis of total bitumen taken as 100: Proportion of bitumen~luble in carbon tetrachloride equals bitumen soluble in carbon tetrachloride divided by the total bitumen. In case insoluble matter adheres to the flask, the flask shall be dried and weighed and the increase in weight over tile original weight shall be added to the weight of insoluble matter in the crucible. the washings are colorless. Suction shall be applied to the crucible to remove the carbon tetrachloride. The crucible shall be dried in the oven at 100 degrees Centigrade to 125 degrees Centigrade for twenty minutes, cooled in the desiccator, and weighed. (6) The sample shall be completely melted at the lowest possible temperature and stirred thoroughly until it is homogeneous and free from air bubbles.. It shall then be poured into the sample container to a depth of not less than 15 rom. (5/8 in.) . The sample shall be proteoted from dust and allowed to 0001 in an atmosphere not lower than 180e. (650F.) for one hour. It shall then be placed in the water bath along with the transfer dish. and allowed to remainaQehour. (7) In making the test the sample shall be plaoed in the trans- fer dish filled with wa~er from the water bath of sufficient depth to completely cover the oontainer. The transfer dish containing the sample shall then be plaoed upon the stand of the penetration machine. The needle loaded with specified weight, shall be adjusted to make oontact with the surface of the sample. This may be accompliShed by making contact of the actual needle point with its image reflected by the surface of the sample from a properly placed source of light. Either the reading of the dial shall then be noted or the needle brought to zero. The needle is then released for the specified period of time, after which the penetration machine is adjusted to measure the distance penetrated. At least three tests shall be made at points on the face or the sample not less than 1 em. (3/8 in.) from the of the container and not less than 10m. (3/8 in.) apart. After each test the sample and transfer dish shall be return- ed to the water bath and the needle shall be carefully wiped to- ward its point with a clean, dry oloth to remove all adhering bitumen. The reported penetration shall be the average of at least three tests whose values shall not differ more than four points between maximum arid minimum. sur- side (d) The ductility at 25 degrees Centigrade shall not be than 100 when tested in the following manner: less 1be asphaltic cement to be tested shall be completely melted at such a temperature that it will be thoroughli fluid. It shall then be strained through a 50-mesh sieve and, after a thorough stirring, poured into a brass mould having the following dimen- sions: 7.55 om. 3.06 em. 2.02 cm. Total leng~ (internal) Distance between clips Width of clips at mouth Width of briquet at minimum cross-seotion 0.99 - 1.01 em. Thickness of briquet throughout 0.99 om. - - - 7.45 2.97 1.98 1.01 The briquet thus fermed shall be left to cool to room temperature and then plaoed in water maintained at a temperature of 25 degrees Centigrade for 30 minutes, after which the excess of bitumen shall be cut off by means of a hot putty knife or spatula so that the mou1d aha11 be just level full. The brass p1ate and mould, with briquet, shall 1fAen be placed in the water bath and kept at a temperature of 25 degrees Centi- grade for at least 1-1/2 hours, when the briquet shall be removed from the plate and the side pleces detached. -7- The rings at each end of the clip shall then be attached to the pins or hooks in the ductility machine and the two clips pulled apart at a uniform rate of 5 em. per minute (.5 per cent) until the briquet ruptures. The distance through vnlich the clips have been pulled to produce rupture shall then be measured in centimeters. ~hile the test is being made, the water in the tank of the ductility machine shall cover the sample by at least 2.5 em. and shall be kept continuously at a ter:lperature within 0.5 degrees Centigrade of the 25 degrees Centigrade. A normal test is one in which the material between the two clips pulls out to a point or threa~ until rupture occurs at the point where the thread has practically no cross-sectional area. ThB average of three normal test sl~ll be taken and reported as the ductility of the samvle. If a normal test is not obtainable on three successive tests, the ductility should be reported as being unobtainable under the conditions of the test. (e) The loss on heating at 163 degrees Centigrade for five hours shall be not more than 0.8 per cent. Penetration of the residue at 25 degrees Centigrade, 100 grams, 5 seconds shall not be less than 50 per cent of the original penetration at 25 degrees Centigrade, 100 grams, 5 seconds when tested in accord- ance with paragraph (c) of i3ection 19 hereof. Asphaltic cement showing an increase in weight after heating for five hours at 163 degrees Centigrade will be rejected. The loss on heating shall be determined by use of the apparatus and in the manner described as follows: (1) The oven may be either circular or rectangular in form and may be heated by either gas or electricity. Its interior dimen- sions shall be as follows: height, not less than 40.64 em.; width and depth or diameter, at least 5.08 em. greater than the diameter of the revolving shelf. It shall be well ventilated and shall be fitted with a window in the upper half of the door, so placed and of suffici- ent size to permit the accurate reading of the thermometer without opening the door. It shall also be provided with a perforated circular shelf preferably of approximately 24.8 cm. in diameter. This shelf shall be placed in the center of the oven and shall be suspended by a vertical shaft and provided with mechanical means for rotating it at the rate of 5 to 6 revolutions per minute. It shall be provided with recesses equidistant from the central shaft in which the tins containing the samples are to be placed. (2) The thermometer shall conform to the following requirements. These specifications cover a special thermometer graduated in Centigrade degrees, the range being 155 to 170 degrees Centi- grade: Type: Etched stem, glass. Licp.id: Mercury. Range and subdivision: 155 to l700C. in 0.50C. Tot"al Length: 150 to 154 mm. Stem: Plain front, enamel baek, suitable thermometer tubing Diameter, 6.0 to 7.0 mm. Bulb: Corning normal or equally suitable thermometric glass. Length, 10 to 15 mm. Diameter, 5.0 to 6.0 mm. -8- Distance to 00. Line from Bottom of Bulb: 33 to 38 nun. Distance to l550C. Line from Bottom of Bulb: 70 to 80 Iron. Distance to l700C. Line from Top of Thermometer: 20 to 30 nun. Contraction Chamber: To be long narrow type, top to be not more than 65 rom. above bottom of the bulb. Expansion Chamber: To permit heating the thermometer at least 2500. above the highest temperature on the scale. Filling above mercury: Nitrogen gas. Top Finish: Glass ring. Graduation: All lines and figures clear cut and distinct. Each whole degree Centigrade line to be longer than the remaining lines. Graduations are to be numbered at 0, 155, 163 and 17000. Immersion: Total. Special Marking: "A. ::;. T. M. Loss on heat," a serial number and the manufacturer t s name or trade mark shall be etched on the stem. Scale Error: The error at any point of the scale, when the thermometer is standardized as provided below shall not exceed 0.500. otandardization: The thermometer shall be standardized at three points including 16300. for total immersion. Case: The thermometer shall be supplied in a suitable case on which shall appear the marking "A.S.T.M. Loss on Heat, 155 to 170~C." (3) The container in which the smnple is to be tested shall be of tin, cylindrical in shape, and shall have a flat bottom. Its inside dimensions shall be substantially as follows: diameter, 55 rom; depth, 35 rom. (A 3-oz. Gill style ointment box, deep pattern, fulfills these requirements.) (4) The sample as received shall be thoroughly stirred and agitated, warming, if necessary, to insure a complete mixture before the portion for analysis is removed. (5) Fifty grams of the water-free material to be tested shall be weighed into a tared container conforming to the require- ments of paragraph (3) above. The oven shall be brought to a temperature of 163 degrees Centigrade, and the tin box contain- ing the sample placed in one of the recesses of the revolving shelf. The thermometer shall be imrnersed for the depth of its bulb in a separate 50-g sample of the material under test, placed in a similar container, and shall be conveniently sus- pended from the vertical shaft. This sample shall rest in one of the recesses upon the same shelf and revolve with the sample or samples under test. The oven shall then be closed and the shelf rotated 5 to 6 revolutions per minute during the entire test. The temperature shall be maintained at 163 degrees Centigrade for 5 hours, then the sample shall be removed from the oven, cooled and weighed, and the loss due to volatiliza- tion calculated. (6) During the 5-hour period the temperature shall not vary more than one degree Centigrade. All tests showing a greater variation in temperature shall be rejected. (f) The flash point shall not be less than 175 degrees Oentigrade. and shall be determined by use of the apparatus and in the manner describ$d as follows: (1) A Cleveland Open Cup Shall. be. supported bY'. a metal plate 1/4 in. (0.635 em.) in thickness abd 6 tn. (15.24 em.) in -9- width. The plate shall be of brass, cast iron, wrought iron or steel. In the center of the plate there shall be a plane depression 1/32 in. (0.079 cm.) in depth, and of just suffi- cient diameter to fit the cup. There shall be a circular opening 2-3/16 in (5.50 cm.) in diwneter, cut through the plate, centering with the center of the above mentioned de- pression. 'fhe plate shall be covered with a sheet of hard asbestos board 1/4 in. in thiCkness, and of the smne shape as the metal plate. There shall be cut in the center of the as- bestos board a circular hole just fitting the cup. Heat may be supplied from any convenient source. The use of a gas burner, electric heater, or alcohol lamp is permitted, 'but under no circumstances are products of combustion or free-~lame allowed to come up around the cup. The source of heat shall be centered under the opening in the plate and shall be of a type that will not produce local superheating. If a flame heater is used, it may be protected from drafts or excess- ive radiation by any suitable type of shield, that does not project above the level of the upper surface of the asbestos board. (2) The thermometer shall conform to the following require- ments. These specifications cover a special thermometer grad- duated in either Centigrade or Fahrenheit degrees as specified, the ranges being -6 to .4000C., or +20 to ?7600F., respective- ly. l~pe: Etched stem, glass. Liquid: Mercury. in 20C Range and Subdivision: -6 to +400oC./or 420 to +7600F. in 50F. Total Length: 303 to 307 rom. (11.92 to 12.08 in.). Stem: Plain front, enamel back, suitable thermometer tubing. diameter, 6.0 to 7.0 mm. (0.24 to 0.28 in.) Bulb: Corning normal or equally suitable thermometric glass. Length, not over 13 rom. (0.51 in.). Diameter, not greater than stem. Distance to -60C. or 200F. Line from Bottom of Bulb: 40 to 50 rom. (1.57 to 1.97 in.). Distance to 4000C. or 7600F. Line from Top of Thermometer: 30 to 45 mm. (1.18 to 1.77 in.). Filling above Mercury: Nitrogen gas. Top Finish: Red glass ring. Graduation: All lines, figures, and letters clear cut and dis- tinct. The first and each succeeding lOOp. line to be longer than the intermediate lines. Graduations to be numbered at each multiple of 200. Immersion: 25 mm. or one inch. The words "I-in. immersion" on Fahrenheit thermometers or "25mm. immersion" on Centigrade thermometers and a line around the stem 25.4 rom. or 1.00 in. above the bottom of the bulb shall be etched on the the~nometer. Special Marking: "A.S.T.M. Open Flash" a serial number and the manufacturer's name or tl'ade mark shall etched on the stem. Scale Error: The error at any point of the soale when the th~rmometer is ~tandardi~ed as provided below shall not exceed 10C.1I up to 37200. or,2-1/2Op. up tll 700oF. Standardizat10n: Thet:ije!'lllometer sballbe standardized at the ice point and at intervals of approximately 10oOF. for 25-mm. er l-~n. 1mmel's1on and for the following temper- a.ture~ of t~ _8l"gent merc)J1rY co1unmt -10- -11- SEC. 20. SAlID: - Sand shall consist of waterworn particles of rock, .produced by natUral causes,. and shall be free from both oil and organio matter.. Sam for the vari oUs use s specified here... in shall meet the following additional requirements: (a) Concrete Sand. sand for all cement and 0011"0. orete work shall not contalninorethan three (3) per oent by Test for Permanency of Range: After being s.l bjected to a temperature between 360 to 37000. or 680 to 7000F. for 24 hours, the accuracy shall be within the limit specified. Oase: The thermometer shall be supplied in a suitable case on which shall appear the marking: "A.S.T.M. Open Flash, -6 to ..40000." or "A.S.T.M. 9Pen Flash, ..20 to +7600F.", according to the type of thermomether. (3a) The thermometer shall be suspended or held in a vertical position by any sui table device. The bottom of the bulb shall be 1/4 in. (0.635 em.) from the bottom of the cup, and above a point half way between the center and back of the cup. (3b) The cup shall be filled with the asphaltic cement to be tested in such a manner that the top of the meniscus is exactly at the filling line at room temperature. The surface of the asphaltic cement shall be free from bubbles. There shall be no asphaltic cement above the filling line or on the outside of the apparatus. (3c) The test flame shall be approximately 5/32 in. (0.397 em.) indiameter. (3d) The test flame Shall be applied as the temperature read on-the thermometer reaches each successive 50F. mark. The flame shall pass in a straight line (or on the circumference of a circle having a radius of at least 6 in.) across the cen- ter of the cup and at right angles to the diameter passing through the thermometer. The test flame shall, while passing across the surface of the asphaltic cement, be in the plane of the upper edge of the cup. The time for the passage of the test flame across the cup shall be approximately one second. (3e) The asphaltic cement shall be heated at a rate not exceed- ing 300F. per minute temperature rise, till a point is reached approximately 1000F. below the probable flash point of the asphaltic cement. Thereafter the rate of heating shall be decreased and for at least the last 500F. before the flash point is reached, the rate shall be not less than 9 nor more 110F. per minute. (4) The flash point shall be taken as the temperature read on the thermometer when a flalhappears at any point on the sur- face of the asphaltic cement. The true flash must not be con- fused with a bluish halo that sometimes surrounds the test flame. Average Temperatt~e of Emergent Mercury Column 440C. 110Op. 540C. l290F. 640C . l500F. 77oC. l750p. 9100. 2059F. 1080C. 240oF. 2 OOoF . 3000F. 4000F. 500OP. 6000F. 7000F. 10uoO. l500C. 20000. 25000. 3000C . 35000. Thermometer Reading weight of mica. The sand shall not lose more than five (5) per cent by weight, when subjected to the test for clay and silt specified in Section 20 (c) hereof. Not less than ninety (90) per cent, by weight, shall pass a t inch screen; at least fifty (50) per cent, but not more than eighty-five (85) per cent by weight, shall be retained on a '30-mesh screen. An average of three (3) briquettes, one (1) inch square in section, made of one (1) part Portland Cement, conforming to these specifica- tions, and three (3) parts of concrete sand, shall attain a minimum tensile strength in seven (7) days equal to ninety (90) per cent of the average tensile strength of three (3) like briquettes of the same proportions, lnade with the same cement and Standard Ottawa Sand. (b) Bituminous Pavement Sand. Sand for use in all biturJinous pavement mixtures shall not contain more than two (2) per cent, by weight,of lnica, shall all pass a lo-mesh screen and shall not contain more than four (4) per cent, by weight, of material passing a 200-mesh screen. (c) Testing Sand for Silt anI Clay shall be done in the following manner: One (I) kilogram of dry sand shall be placed in a sixteen (16) inch standard gold pan, covered nearly to the rim with water, stirred and agitated gently but thor- roughly with the hand and allowed to settle thirty (30) seconds. The. water shall then be poured off uniformly until immediately after stirring, standard ,Ix (6) point news print may be easily read through five (5) oentimeters of water. The water shall then be drained off, the sand dried and weighed, and the loss determined by the difference in weight. STONE DUST: Finely ground sound stone or Pertland Cement meeting the following requirements will be accepted as stone dust. It shall pass a 50-mesh screen. At least eighty (80) per cent shall pass a 20o-mesh screen, and of the portion passing the 200-mesh screen, at least seventy-five (75) per cent shall be impalpable dust, known as filler, and determined by the follow- ing test: 21. . SElJ ta) Elutriation test. Five (5) grmns of stone dust passing a 200-mesh screen shall be placed in a flat bottom beaker eleven (11) oentimeters high inside and eight (8) to eight and five tenths (8.5) centimeters inside dlamter. The beaker shall ther be filled with distilled water to a height of nine (9) centimeters, thoroughly agitated with a uniform continuous blast of air, allowed to settle fifteen (15) seconds and siphoned in f~fteen (15) seconds at a uniform rate, by a tube nine (9) millimeters inside diameter, equidistant from the sides and extending to a point twelve (12) millimeters from the bottom of the beaker. The process of filling, agitating, settling and siphoning shall be performed three (3) times. The residue shall then be dried and weighed and the difference between the weight of the residue and the original weight shall be deemed to be the weight of the filler. GRAVEL: Gravel Shall consist of clean water pebbles, crushed boulders or both. Gravel shall all pass a 2-1n. screen. Not les8 than thirty-f1ve (55) per cent nor more than fifty (50) -12- 22. . Sl!X} per cent, by weis;ht, shall pass a ~-inch screen, and not more than five (5) per cent, by weight, shall pass a 1/4-inch screen. Gravel to be used in Class A concrete, when subjected to the Rattler Test specified in Section 23 tc) hereof, shall not SI10W a loss of more than thirty-tD~ee (33) per cent. Gravel for other uses, unless otherwise specified, shall not show a loss of more than forty-three (43) per cent when subjected to the said Rattler Test specified in Section 23 (0) hereof. organic (a) FoR CONCRETE. Broken stone for concrete shall be quarried rock, shall be the run of the crusher and shall all pass a 2-inch screen. Not less than thirty-five (35) per cent nor more than fifty (50) per cent by weight shall pass a ~ inch screen. Not more than (5) per cent by weight shall pass a 1/4 inch screen. It shall, when subjected to the Rattler Test hereinafter specified in ~)ection 23 (c) shoW a loss of not more than twenty-two (22) per cent. BR01\EN SToNE Broken stone shall be free from loam, clay or matter and shall conform to the following requirements: 23. . sEx:: (b) ,,'uH BITUhlINOUS P A VEM:~NT::; AND BITUlHNOUS PRu 'lEC- TIVE COAT. Broken stone for use in all bituminous pavements and bituminous protective coat shall be broken stone or crushed boulders of the sizes designated, shall be uniform in quality, shall cont~in not more than five (5) per cent, by weight, of pieces having rounded surfaces, end when subjected to the Rattler 'rest hereinafter specified in coaction 23 (c) shall show a loss of not more than thirty-three (33) per cent. (c) RATTLER TE::;T. At least thirty (30) pounds of the material to be tested shall be available for the test. Each sample when ready for the rattler shall consist of five (5) kilograms (eleven pound.) of said material, all shall pass a 2 inch screen, sixty (60) per cent, by weight, shall be retained on a ~ inch screen, and all shall be retained on a ! inch screen. The said saD~le shall be tested in a rattler known as the Los Angeles Rattler, and maintained by the City of Los Angeles, consisting of a metal cylinder twenty-eight (28) inches in diameter, and twenty (20) inches in length, longitudinally mounted on a horizontal shaft and having a shelf four (4) inches wide extending from end to end. During the test the rattler shall be revolved at a rate of between twenty-eight (28) and thirty (30) revolutions per minute. A charge for the rattler shall consist of the said five (5) kilogram sample and fourteen (14) cubical blocks of cast iron wi th x'ounded corners and edges, said blocks measuring about one and one-half (I!) inches in each dimension, and having a weight of five (5) kilograms. After receiving the charge the rattler shall be given five hundred (500) revolutions. The sample shall then be screened and the portion, by weight, which will pass a 10-mesh screen shall be considered and designated as the loss. READER BOARDS: Reader Boards, where required, shall be true and free from warP, and of sufficient strength to avoid ...13.. 240 straight, S~. r ~ springing out of shape. They shall be of a width equal to the total thickness of the pavement and not less than two (2) inches in thickness. Reader Boards shall be well staked or otherwise held to the established 11ne and grade, and their upper surface shall Gonform with the finished surface of the pavement.: III SE::. 25. GRADING AREA: j I 1\ j: ;! Unless otherwise specified by plan or ordinance, the portion of the street to be graded shall be held to be as follows: (a) FOR pAVING and Other Roadway Improvement: The street sha11 be graded from side line to side line along por- tions of the street upon which pavement is to be constructed or the roadway otherwise improved. The roadway between the ' edges of gutters or between curb lines where no gutters are laid shall be brought to grade or e~grade required by the plans or specifications. The spaces between the curb lines and the side lines in cases where no sidewalks are laid shall be graded to a plane rising at a rate of one (1) inch in four (4) feet from the established grade of the curb line, and in cases where sidewalks are constructed the spaces between the curb lines and the side lines shall be surfaced even with the tops of the curbs and the sidewalks. (b) For Sidewalks: When sidewalks are to be constructed the area to be occupied by the sidewalks shall be brought to subgrade, and unless otherwise specified, the remaining area between the curb lines and the side lines sballbe finished even with the sidewalks and the top of the curb, or even with the surface of the sidewalk where there is no curb. (c) For Curbs and Gutters: Such portions of the street shall be graded as is necessary to provide a foundation: for the proposed construction and to enable the work to be proper- ly finished. SEe. 26. ROUGH GRADING: Rough grading shall include all filling, the removal of all earth, stone or other material of whatever nature it may be, that may be encountered in preparing the street for the improvement to be made. Plowing or excavating sound material shall not be done to a depth greater than six (6) inches below pavement stibgrade or the finished grade where no pavement is to be constructed. Not more than one-half ti) mile in length of the roadway of any street shall be p10wed up in advance of pavement base. On any street where the improvement of the roadVla~ 1s specified, the r9ugh grading in any block shall be completed and the surtace leveled up approximately to final subgrade or grade before the construction of' any cement work is begun in s~h block. Excavated material. not required :for fills, shall be:removed from the street.as soon as excavated. (a) Filli~: The space over which fills are to be made, shall first be cleared ,of all brush, timber, trash or debris. All filling shall be done ..i th .good sound earth or gavel, and -14- no oil cake, or other lumpy material or perishable, spongy or otherwise improper nature, shall be used in filling. No fills shall be widened by dumping loose material over their slopes. Fills shall be made in layers not exceeding one (1) foot in depth. Each layer, after being leveled off, shall be thoroughly dampened, and while still moist throughout, shall be rolled with a steam or gas:> line roller weighing not less than four hundred (400) pounds per linear inch width of tire, until hard and unyielding. Any part of a fill which cannot be reached with a steam or gag:) line roller and rolled as hereinbefore specified, shall be placed in layers not exceeding four (4) inches in thickness, d~~pened and then compacted with heavy iron tamp- ers or with a hand roller weighing not less than twenty-five (25) pounds per linear inch width of tire; when the fill can not be reached by the roller, and when no concrete is to be placed on the fill, the material may be brought up in two (2) foot layers and each layer flooded with six (6) inches depth of water. Vfhen special flooding is required the Contractor shall perform the same in accordance with the requirements as specified on the plans. (b) ~,\ud and Soft ~Materlal: \Vhen mud, or other s:>ft or spongy material is encountered it shall be removed and the space filled with gravel or good earth, which shall be placed in layers and rolled as hereinbefore set forth for fills, until the surface ceases to move or creap under the roller. The Con- tractor will not be required, i~ such cases, to excavate mud or other soft or spongy material to a depth greater than two (2) feet below grade. \Ihenever any area is too wet to permi t of thorough rolling the Contractor shall wait until the material has dried sufficiently and then complete the rollingo SEC. 27. SUBGRADE: After rough grading has been completed the surface of the street shall be brought to the required grade and cross- section and the subgrade prepared as follows: After a block or section has been graded to approximate grade, the surface of the roadway shall be trimmed, drenched with water, and while moist, rolled with a steam or 8a~line roller weighing not less than four hundred (40u) pounds per linear inch width of tire, until the surface is unyielding. Depressions made by rolling and ruts made by trucks and wagons shall be leveled up with good earth and rolled with a steam or gasoline roller weighing not less than two hundred twenty-five (225) pounds per linear inch width of tire. Portions of the roadway which cannot be reached by rollers shall be tamped so lid. 8m. 28. CONDITION OF. STREE:T DURING GRADING: During the grading.the surface of the street and street crossings shall be maintained in a reasonably good con- dition for traffic. Proper drainage must be maintained at all times. -15- -16- If the composition contains the ingredients afore- said, and is within the percentages above fixed, it will be accepted as in compliance with this paragraph. (a) Mixint: The different sizes of material shall be kept in at ~eas four (4) separate bins. The proportioning of the various sizes shall be done by means of multiple beam or dial scales of suffioient oapacity to weight the entire batch. The rock and sand shall be heated to a temperature not exceed.. ing three hundi'ed and twenty-five (325) degrees Fahrenheit, when in the bins and shall be placed in a mixer and the requir- ed amount of asphaltic cetnent added. The asphalt cement Ihall have been prepared tar use by previously heating to a tempera- ture of not more than 325 degrees Fahrenhelt and when used the to 35 Passing a II! round opening screen and retained on a i" round opening screen. Passing a 2" round opening screen and retained on a I" round opening screen ----25 to 30 ----15 Per cent by weight ---- 4.2 to 5.5 ----20 to 30 ---- 7 to 15 ----10 to 20 Passing a i" round opening screen and retained on a 'i" mesh screen Passing a 10 mesh screen Passing a i" mesh screen a.nd retained on a 10 mesh screen Asphaltic Cement The asphaltic cement, crushed stone or gravel and sand compoging the asphaltic concrete base shall be mixed in such proportions that the percentage of the composition, by weight, shall be within the.following limits: 3. Crushed stone or Gravel Upon the sub grade as above described and thoroughly cleaned of all rubbish shall be laid the asphalt concrete mixture which shall have a thiclnless, after being thoroughly compacted, of not less than that shown on the plans and cross- sections and prepared as hereinafter specified and composed of the following materials: 1. Asphaltic Cement 2 . Sand SEC. 30. ASPHALTIC CONCRETE BASE: The Contractor shall notify the City Engineer when a block or section has been brought to subgrade, whereupon the latter will check the elevation and condition of the same. If the work is found to be in accordance ,nth specifications and grades given, the Qontractor shall prooe&d as hereinafter men- tioned. SEC. 29. CITY ENGINEER Tu CHECK GRillING: -17- The crushed stone, sand and stone dust compost ng the asphaltic concrete wearing surface shall be combined and mixed in such proportions that the percentage of the composition by weight shall be within the followingl1inits: Passing a 1" .round opening ~c~een and reta:tn,d on. a lit rOWld ope,Bing screen Passing a i" round opening screen and retained on a t" mesh screen ----14 to 28% ----28 to 42% 4. Crushed stone 3. Stone Dust 2. Sand Upon the base prepared and laid as above described, and thoroughly swept free;' from all rubbish and dirt, shall be laid the asphaltic concrete mixture, which shall have a thick- ness, after being thoroughly compacted, of the thickness shown on the plans and cross-sections, and prepared as hereinafter specified and composed of the following materials: 1. Asphaltic cement SKl. 45. ASPHALTIC CONCRETJ!; WEARING SURFACE: The surface must be smooth and uniform corresponding with the elevations required by the plans. (c) Rolling: Af'ter the base mixture has been spread and while it is still hot, it shall be thoroughly rolled with a steam or gas- oline three-wheel roller hav1nga weight of not less than'_three hundred fifty (350) pOWlds per lineal inch,width of tire, Wltll the surface is Wlyielding, true to grade and crass-section, said gasoline roller shall.have at least two or more cylinder.. The asphaltic concrete base when completed shall have a specific gravity of at least ninety (90) per cent of the com- . bined rock and sand conta inad in the baae sample. (d) Protection: The base shall be kept barricaded until the wearing sur~ace is laid. The mixture shall then be uniformly spread'wi1ih;D.o~ sholvels or forks upon the subgrade prepared as hereinbefore specified, to such depth that after rolling to its ultimate com- pression it will have the thickness shown upon the plans and crpss-section. When,shovels are used for spreading the mixture it shall be dumped upon metal platforms. (:b,) i!lft} . ~ mi.%1i~. '..ba:L~-..~I"': _.....it inoanvas over ~n8 er'tr't1ttldl and' shall have a temperature when it reaches the street of not less than 250 degrees Fahren- heit, nor more than 300 degrees Fahrenheit. .\ asphalt cement shall be not cooler than 260 degrees Fahrel)heit. Eaoh batch shall be m1xed at least45l1econds with the paddles of the mixer running at a speed of not less than se.ent7 (70) nor more than eighty (80) revolutions per minute. In addition, at least ten (IO)seeonds shall be allowed on eaoh batoh for charging and emptying the mixel'. ~_:<~o.'-,,"'~~"_"''''-'''' .. -18- vVhen the sand in the wearing surface mixture does not contain a s~ficient amount of 200 mesh material to meet the above requirement, stone dust shall be added to make up the deficiency. ' (a) MiXi~1: The material shull be separated into four (4) different s zes and kept in separate bins. The proportion- ing of the various sizes shall be done by means of multiple beam or dial scales of sufficient capacity to weigh the entire batch. The rock and sand shall be heated to a temperature not exceeding three hundred and twenty-five (325) degrees Fahren- heit when in the bins. The asphaltic cement shall be heated to a temperature of frem two hundred and fifty (250) degrees to three hundred (300) degrees Fahrenheit. Each batch shall be combined and mixed as follows: That portion comprising mater- ials passing a l" screen down to and including 200 mesh mater- ial, shall be placed in the mixer in the proper-proportions and mixed for at least three (3) seconds, after which two- thirds (2/3) of the aspha1 tic cement specHi ed to be used shall be added and the mixing continued for at least fifteen (IS) seconds. The remainder of the asphaltic cement and the renain- der of the mineral aggregate, properly proportioned, shall then be added and the entire mixture shall then be mixed for an additional forty-five (45) seconds, and longer if necessary to coat all particles. Additional time shull be allowed for charging and emptying the mixer, in no event less than 'ten (10) seconds. The mixer paddles shall rotate not less than seventy (70) nor more than eighty (80) revolutions per minute. When necessary, an accurate 'timing device shall be provided for the proper regulation of ~he mixing. (b) Laying: The mixture shall be hauled to the street in canvas covered wagons or truclcs and shall have a temperature when it reaches the street of between two hWldred and fifty (250) ~nd three hundred (300) degrees Fahrenheit. The base shall be clean and dry when ,t.4e wearing s1ll'face is laid. All CQntact surfaces. of curbs, gutters, manholes, and all cold pavement joints shall be painted with hot asphaltic cement be- fore the surface is laid. Each load shall be dumped wi thin the apace upon whioh it is to be placed and every portion of the load shall be turned and laid close with hot shovels or forks and then shall be leveled up with the back of hot rakes. The surface material shall be sp'read to such a thiCkness, that, atter receiving the final compression, the finished wearing surface shall have a uniform thickness true to grade and cross- section. ---- 8 to 15% Passing a 40 mesh screen Passing a 80 mesh screen Passing a 200 mesh screen ----55 to 80% ----25 to 50% The ten mesh material when in the bin ready ror use, shall conform to the following proportions by weight: 7~ To the above material shall be added aS~1a1tic cement ---- 5 to 14% 32% Passing a 10 mesh to the inch screen ----22 to Passing a i" mesh screen and retained on a 10 mesh to the inch screen ---- 8 to ~,' j ~,' ~~, Per cent by weight -'--- 0 to 6 ----'70 to 9'7 0 to 25 -_._- 2 to 3.5 Asphaltic Cement !.~;jt~~;'tf:i~~~i~iJ~;~;~~;i~~~'~~;' ~"'~1!:"!'r';,,' / 1'~~I't., "'f!,.';~lor4~".!1I' ':'~":"'~~~l'r:~ .,;~~l..r,,"' '; ,O{,:!,' '.:' ': .": ""~'. .... ,'. ''''~''\:'J}~ ':_.,r....'..'.~::..:, ,,' ,.,,~: . , . . , -19.. The crushed rock shall be heated to a temperature not exceeding two hundred and fifty (250) degrees Farenheit and placed in the asphalt mixing plant. The asphaltic cement, he~ted to a temperature not to exceed 325 degrees Fahrenheit and not less than Two hundred andsixty (260) degrees Fahren- heit, shall be added and the whole thoroughly mixed. The mixture shall be hauled to the street in canvas covered wagons or trucks and shall have a temperature when it rea- ches the work of not less than 250 degrees Fahrenheit, nor more than 300 degrees Fahrenheit. After the surface finish has been spread as herein- before specified, rolling shall continue in accordance with Section 45 (e) hereof. Passing a i" round opening screen and retained on a t" mesh screen Passing a 10 mesh screen Passing a i" mesh screen and retained on a 10 mesh screen The asphaltic cement and crushed stone composing the surface finish shall be mixed in such proportions that the per- centage of the compositions, by weight, shall be within the following limits: 1.Asphaltic Cement 2.Crushed stone ~~ [j L! :;S r.'.;' .<'i l;/1 ',"> 1\;', . f~~~:c, ' ~t':>' r::' (c) Rolling: Immediately after the asphaltic concrete mixture has been spread it shall be rolled with a stemn or gas- oline three wheel roller having a weight of not less than three hundred and fifty (350)pounds per lineal inch of tire, until the surface is unyielding, true to grade and cross-section, said gasoline roller having not less than two cylinders. The asphal tic concrete wearing surface when completed, shall have a specific gravity of at least ninety (90) per cent of the com- bined stone, sand and stone dust, so found in the mixture. The rolling must be continuous and one roller must be provided for each twelve hundred (1200) square yards of surface mixture laid in any working day. All places that are inaccessible to the roller must be tamped with hot iron tampers. Except at grade changes, the surface after rolling shall in no place vary more than one-fourth (t) inch from a five (5) foot straight edge laid parallel with the surface of the roadway. (d) Surface Finish: Upon the wearing surface, immediate- ly after the same has been rolled once with the three wheel roller as hereinbefore specified, shall be spread a thin, uni- form layer approximately two (2) pounds per square foot of sur- face covered, of surface finish composed of the following mater- ials: The City Clerk shall certify to the passage of this Resolution, and shall enter a minute of the passage thereof in the records of the City Council of the City of Vernon of the meeting at which it was passed. Passed and approve. t~. 1929. ~ -20- Counc lImen, Hone N (}~ s: ABSi~NT: Councilmen. Iilliffin, I,evy. Counc ilmen, Durbin, T"con1.s and Purlong. AYES: following vote, to-wit: , 1929, by the day of November on the 13th regular meeting held adjourned of the City of Vernon at a was duly passed by the City Council being Resolution No. 571 I hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution, k. ss. STATE OF CALIFORNIA, ) COUNTY OF LO::> ANGELES, ( CITY OF VERNON ) ~I. .Ii ,. j .:,."""'''' , r , .