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Resolution No. 2011-166 (4)Vernon General Plan Safety Element Since Vernon and its surrounding areas are completely urbanized, with little natural vegetation, 'there is almost no risk of damage from wildfires. Urban fire protection is discussed in Section 2.2 of this Element: Human -caused hazards include the risk of explosion or leaks from stored chemical and petroleum products, or from derailment or collision of railcars or trucks carrying hazardous chemical or materials. Chemical spills are also a concern because of the industrialnature of the uses in Vernon. Fire hazards are prevalent due to the nature of the industrial uses and intensely developed character of properties. A fire during a windstorm, which combines both a natural and a human - caused hazard, can represent a serious threat to public safety. Some events are particularly difficult to anticipate and prepare a programmed response for. Since the 9/11 attack on New York's World Trade Center, the threat of terrorist activity has been of major concern to the nation and the world. As with both natural and human -caused hazards, a terrorist event could occur outside Vernon yet directly impact the City. Programs to deal with such an event require a cooperative approach with regional agencies. Activities such as a labor strike or other demonstration usually present low risk to public safety, but public safety personnel must plan for responses to these situations to maintain public order. Railcars carrying materials through Vernon Safety Element - 3 Vernon General Plan Safety Element The City's Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) Multi -Hazard Functional Plan (MHFP) discusses and contains programs and plans for emergency responses to the safety concerns described above. This document includes pre - emergency preparedness plans and programs for mutual aid between organizations for virtually any emergency situation. 2.1 Natural Hazards Seismic Event Southern California is one of the most seismically active regions. of the United States, given its location at the edge of the Pacific Plate. Although no major faults have been identified crossing through Vernon, the many fault systems that traverse Los Angeles County and the broader region have the potential to cause damage in the City in the event of an earthquake. Figure S-1 identifies regional fault systems, including major faults within 20 miles of the City. Severe ground shaking can cause damage to buildings with corresponding threats of injury of loss of life. Figure S-1: Regional Faults r.aaaaaaaaaaaae. Faults Seum: Southern Caftmla Earthquake Date Center, 2007 3 Wea e. 0 2.5 5 Safety Element - 4 Vernon General Plan Safety Element A secondary effect of ground shaking is soil liquefaction, which can result in building instability or failure. This is not considered a serious threat in Vernon, but some areas of the City could be affected (see Figure S-2). Liquefaction can occur when loose, unconsolidated, water -laden soils lose their structure during strong ground shaking. These hazards can be mitigated at the development stage through the removal and re -compaction of suspect soils. Vernon s standard practice of requiring engineering studies for new development projects reduces the risk of liquefaction hazards in those susceptible areas identified on Figure S-2. Figure S-2: Liquefaction Zone Liquefaction Zone saume:celHomlaDepahnemofConseriOn,2aos "1, e o �n r In addition to damage to buildings, earthquakes often result in damage to public and private infrastructure. Ruptured gas or oil lines may result in explosions or leaks, and facilities storing chemicals or flammable materials may also be damaged causing leaks or explosion. Water lines, sewer lines, and reservoirs can also be damaged. Electrical facilities, particularly transformer and power lines, are susceptible to damage resulting in a possible injury or loss of life as well as a power loss. To reduce the scope of damage in the event of an earthquake, Vernon will continue to require new construction to meet Safety Element - 5 Vernon General Plan Safety Element mandated seismic safety codes. Retrofit of older structures will continue pursuant to Municipal Code requirements, and the City will continue ongoing efforts to upgrade infrastructure pursuant to the Capital Improvement Plan. In addition, the programs the City has in place to guard against hazardous materials spills and releases also help to protect these materials from being released during ground -shaking hazards. Through both preventative measures and strong, organized emergency response, Vernon will continue to take steps to minimize risks associated with earthquakes. Flooding Although the Los Angeles River flows through Vernon for a distance longer than three miles and would frequently overflow its banks under historic natural conditions, the river was contained within a concrete -lined flood control channel early in the twentieth century, substantially reducing the potential for overflowing of the river banks or overtopping of the dams that could cause flooding of adjacent areas. In the rainy season of 2004-2005, the Los Angeles area received the second highest rainfall ever recorded, approximately three times the normal amount, yet the river channel proved adequate to accommodate this flow. Los Angeles River Dam Inundation In the past, localized flooding has occurred during heavy rainstorms. However, storm drain improvements have substantially reduced this problem. With the flood control system of the Los Angeles River in place, the Federal Emergency Management Agency does not identify any floodplain area in the City of Vernon. The existing flood control system appears to be adequate to serve the City's needs. Dam inundation occurs when structural damage to a dam results in a flood. Dam failure can occur due to an earthquake, erosion, design flaw, or water overflow during storms. Dam inundation maps represent the best estimate of where water would flow in if a dam with a full reservoir suddenly failed Safety Element 6 r Vernon General Plan Safety Element completely.Figure S-3 shows areas that would be affected in the event of dam failure. Nearly all of the land in Vernon lies within the potential inundation areas for both Hansen Dam and Sepulveda Dam, which are located in separate areas of the San Fernando Valley, more than 20 miles northwest of the City. In the unlikely event that a catastrophic earthquake causes the collapse of either of these dams, water and debris would flow to and then generally along the Los Angeles River in a fairly narrow stream before spreading out over a swath of the coastal plain several miles wide, including Vernon. The official map from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers predicts that the flow from Sepulveda Dam, 24 miles away from Vernon, would take more than eight hours to reach the City. Flow from Hansen Dam, also 24 miles away, is predicted to take more than 19 hours to reach Vernon. The flow from either dam would probably peak at a depth of 2 feet in the vicinity of Vernon. The expected long delay between dam breach and the arrival of the flow should give ample time for emergency services to respond, as outlined in the City's SEMS Multi -Hazard Functional Plan (MHFP). Figure S-3: Dam Inundation Areas Cesar A 0s&r p" r�a� `1�''f�,�rgir7>Eb r,P ry4 ry l e�� lyy Pi fi. § y�3 < ihi� y°, i1i�fhy r m y� 81vy 1R. a �(�« .. 3: � � , t. •m��..� � t.ri-Y > Yi:d if,.-s� Ab f ��z f , - "� �__..�.._ " . / / Source: U.S. Any Corps of Engineer¢, July iees rrr rr f^ Miles e 11rrr�rn(G.��� Hansen Dam Inundation Area e 1 2 Safety Element - 7 Vernon General Plan Safety Element Windstorms Windstorms present a potential hazard through their ability to damage buildings and public facilities such as street traffic control lights and public signs. In addition to the damage to buildings, the most significant threat to public safety is from flying debris. While this problem is not usually as severe as that experienced in hurricanes or tornados, maintaining public awareness of the hazard is important. Regionally, the hot, dry Santa Ana winds can create severe brushfire dangers, but this is not a particularly severe problem in Vernon, as there is little vegetation. 2.2 Human -caused Hazards Risk of Explosion and Hazardous Materials Spills Many varied materials of an explosive or hazardous nature are stored and used by many businesses in Vernon. Because of the industrial nature of the City, the geographic scope is citywide. In addition, the presence of major rail lines and transfer yards, together with the Long Beach Freeway (I-710) and Alameda Corridor, which carry high volumes of truck and train traffic to and from the ports, pose real threats in the event of a spill. To address local storage issues, the City Environmental Health Department maintains a complete inventory of the locations where hazardous materials are stored and used. A detailed response program defines the actions to be taken by the Fire Department and Environmental Health Department in the event of a problem involving a spill or explosion. This program focuses on the evacuation of persons, as well as containment and cleanup. Safety Element - 8 With regard to terrorism concerns, possible targets in Vernon include the major rail yards,. power generation facilities, and any business with significant volumes of hazardous materials. Federal agencies are responsible for safe -guarding transportation facilities, and Vernon will cooperate with these agencies in these efforts. With regard to protection of local businesses, routine patrol activities of the Police Department and heightened training and vigilance are undertaken in order to address these concerns. The City will provide Police personnel with appropriate training to minimize such threats. Fire Department The Vernon Fire Department is rated as Class I by Insurance Services Office, Inc., one of only ten cities in California and 35 nationwide to earn this distinction. The Department provides a variety of emergency services, including fire protection, emergency medical services, urban search and rescue, and hazardous materials control. Each of Vernon s four fire stationsstaff is fully trained for fighting fires and is equipped with three to six response vehicles, but also has its own specialization. Fire Station 1 at 3375 Fruitland Avenue serves both as Fire Department headquarters and training center. The personnel at Fire Station 2, rebuilt in 2007 at 4301 Santa Fe Avenue, adjacent to City Hall, are all trained as hazardous materials specialists. Paramedics trained in advanced life support at Fire Station 3, at 2800 Soto Street, respond to all emergency situations, and this station is also home to a squad trained in all manners of urban search and rescue techniques. Despite being in a completely urbanized area, Fire Station 4 sends specialized Vernon General Plan Safety Element Hazardous Materials Emergency Response operate the Spartan Super Vac Hazardous Materials Unit Safety Element - 9 Vernon General Plan Safetv Element personnel to respond to wildfires through the statewide mutual aid system. 3.0 GOALS AND POLICIES Vernon has fewer than 100 permanent residents, but the employment population approaches 45,000 during a typical 24-hour period. Police, fire, and paramedic facilities and personnel must be adequate to provide services to this larger community of workers. Public safety personnel must be prepared to handle potential emergency situations of all kinds: hazardous materials spills, explosions, earthquakes, and train accidents. Additionally, as an industrial city, Vernon must be prepared for the possibility of labor issues such as strikes disrupting the City and requiring responses from public safety personnel GOAL S-1 Minimize the risk to public health, safety, and welfare associated with the presence of natural and human -caused hazards. POLICY S-1.1: Periodically update and maintain the Multi -hazard Functional Plan in an effort to identify potential contingencies and emergency conditions and define the necessary response by public safety and other personnel. POLICY S-1.2: Cooperate with other jurisdictions in the southeast area of Los Angeles County to maintain an up-to-date emergency response system for the region. POLICY S-1.3: Prepare and disseminate information to residents and businesses on preparing for and responding to a major earthquake or potential terrorist threat. POLICY S-1.4: Maintain the public water distribution and supply system facilities to provide adequate capacity to meet both everyday and emergency fire -flow needs. POLICY S-1.5: Coordinate with the Los Angeles Unified School District for protection and or evacuation of school children in the event of an Safety Element - 10 emergency condition, which could affect the schools in or near Vernon. GOAL S-2 Provide a high degree of protection for all residents and workers from hazardous materials and the hazards associated with transport of such materials. POLICY S-2.1: Continue to support and encourage State efforts to identify existing or previously existing hazardous waste generators or disposal sites in the City of Vernon. POLICY S-2.2: Continue to require every business to maintain a list of the chemicals and other hazardous, materials used or stored on site on appropriate material safety data sheets and otherwise in accordance with law, and to provide that list to the Fire Department and Environmental Health Department. Require that the Fire Department and Environmental Health Department to maintain a list of such materials and the location where they are stored or used to permit emergency personnel to respond appropriately, if required. GOAL S-3 Maintain high standards for the provision of City emergency services. POLICY S-3.1: Establish and implement plans for continuity of government for Vernon in the event of a catastrophe. POLICY S-3.2: Require businesses handling, transporting, or producing materials ,considered acutely hazardous to prepare contingency plans for accidents involving these chemicals. POLICY S-3.3: Support the development and continued updating of public safety education programs. POLICY S-3.4: Undertake steps to 'inform all residents and businesses of the importance of visible and clearly legible signs and street numbers Vernon General Plan Safety Element Safety Element -11 Vernon General Plan Safety Element in shortening the response time of emergency personnel POLICY S-3.5: Periodically review the City's emergency service equipment to determine if it is adequate to meet the needs of changing land uses and development types. POLICY S-3.6: Require new development projects that necessitate the purchase of public safety equipment to underwrite or share in purchase costs. POLICY S-3.7: Develop a new Emergency Operations Center (EOC) with adequate space and facilities to respond to any emergency situation which may arise. POLICY S-3.8: Continue to support the Vernon Fire Department in its effort to maintain its Class I rating. GOALS-4 Provide a high degree of protection for all workers and residents in the event of any disaster. POLICY S-4.1: Review the risks related to a possible train derailment or collision, and develop appropriate response programs. POLICY S4.2: Review the design of new development projects to consider public safety and issues such as emergency access, defensible space, and overall worker safety. POLICY S4.3: Design and maintain an effective plan for the prompt evacuation of the City in the event of a dam inundation or other major disaster requiring the removal of workers or residents from Vernon. POLICY S-4.4: Identify facilities for use as emergency shelters for those unable to leave or required to stay within the City in the event of a major disaster or emergency event. Safety Element - 12 VERNON GENERAL PLAN RESOURCES ELEMENT RESOURCES ELEMENT 1.0 PURPOSE AND FOCUS' 1.1 Purpose As a fully developed city, Vernon has few remaining natural resources in the conventional sense of undeveloped land, native vegetation, and wildlife habitat. The two natural resources that are present and important are groundwater and the air. Both have been affected by urban development, but both sustain development in the City and respresent critical regional resources. Vernon's groundwater serves as a portion of the City s water supply. Clean air, of course, provides a healthier environment and may help minimize some aspects of global warming. The open spaces that exist in Vernon are limited to privately owned landscaping around buildings, utility easements, rail yards, and the Los Angeles River. Given the industrial nature of Vernon, expanses of open space are not needed for recreational purposes. However, open space does provide visual relief from hard urban surfaces. Vernon General Plan Resources Element Resources Element -1 Vernon General Plan Resources Element This Element establishes City policies intended to best manage the limited available natural resources in Vernon and to encourage continued participation in broader efforts to protect the environment from harmful human activities. 1.2 Focus This Resources Element combines two elements required by the California Government Code - the Conservation Element and the Open Space Element - and focuses on the protection and preservation of resources within the City. In addition to groundwater and air resources, additional resource issues addressed are local open space, historic/cultural resources, and the national issue of energy use. 2.0 IDENTIFYING AND PROTECTING LOCAL RESOURCES 2.1 Water Quality and Supply Water resources in Vernon are limited to the groundwater basins that underlie the City (and surrounding lands) and recycled water. Local groundwater is contained within the Los Angeles River and Gaspar aquifers, which supply a significant portion of the water used by businesses in Vernon. Because these basins extend beneath surrounding jurisdictions, activities both in Vernon and other cities affect the quantity and quality of groundwater. Potential contamination and depletion of the underground basins have been historic concerns, and conditions are continuously monitored to guard against possible interruption of supply. Water quality standards established by federal and State agencies and requirements for water quality monitoring protect industrial users from contamination and ensure sage drinking water supplies. In particular, National Pollution Discharge Elimination Systems (NPDES) requirements enforced by the State Regional Water Quality Control Board require the control and clean up of surface runoff prior to its discharge into storm drain systems and ultimately, into groundwater basins or surface waters. State agencies continue to press for percolation as a means of reclaiming stormwater runoff, both as a mechanism to replenish aquifers and to allow for continued natural cleaning processes. Given Vernon's built -out condition and the severe lack of open space, clean-up and recharge via percolation proves difficult. Resources Element - 2 As described in the Circulation and Infrastructure Element, three water agencies supply water within Vernon (see Figure CI-3). Most of the geographical are of Vernon is supplied by the City's Water Department. The California Water Service Company (Cal Water), East Los Angeles District, Commerce System serves some of the northeast portion of Vernon, and a small portion of southeast Vernon is serviced by Maywood Mutual Water Company Number 3. Many of the food processing and other industries common in Vernon are water -intensive uses. Analysis of water resources for the City of Vernon Water Department, including supply sources, is contained in the 2005 Urban Water Management Plan (which is periodically updated). In 2005, water use in Vernon's service area was approximately 12,000 acre-feet per year. Approximately 63 percent of was obtained from groundwater sources. An acre-foot of water equals 325,851 gallons, or about the amount of water a family of four consumes in a year. Twenty-six percent was purchased from the Central Basin Municipal Water District (CBMWD), and 11 percent came from recycled water supplies. Water conservation programs are in place, and internal water recycling by specific businesses helps reduce overall demand. Because Vernon is built out, new businesses will simply replace those that exist today, and water consumption over time normally would not be expected to increase significantly. However, because of the existence of two power plants and the planned construction of a new large power generation plant, water usage is expected to more than double relative to year 2005 conditions. The requirements of these power plants will be met with recycled water, the use of which is expected to increase more than one and a half times — from 10,438 acre- feet in 2005 to 16,012 acre-feet in 2025. By 2025, the number of acre-feet produced from the City Water Department's wells is not expected to substantially increase, and the amount purchased from CBMWD is expected to increase from 3,350 acre-feet to 4,350 acre-feet. By 2025, then, Vernon s water supply profile is projected to be 28 percent from groundwater, 15 percent from CBMWD, and 56 percent from recycled sources. The majority of the new demand will be served throught the use of recycled water, indicating the City's commitment to conservation of its water resources, good water management practices, and sustainability of resources. Vernon General Plan Resources Element Resources Element - 3 Vernon General Plan Resources Element Parts of northeastern Vernon are within California Water Service Company's (Cal Water's) District. Since the area is completely urbanized, annual growth is very slow; since 1980 the amount of water used in the service area has never increased by more than 0.5 percent from year to year. Only 30 of Maywood Mutual Water Company #3's 2,000 service connections are in the City of Vernon; the rest are in the Cities of Maywood and Bell. In 2006, Vernon's connections totaled 34.5 acre-feet of water usage. Early in 2007 a new Matheson Tri-Gas plant opened in this area, which had been projected to add 150 annual acre-feet of usage, but has instead shown to only use water commensurate with a 30 acre- feet per year increase in water usage. Maywood Mutual #3 currently derives all of its water supplies from its own groundwater wells. Its three wells are capable of producing approximately 4,500 acre-feet per year, and have historically produced between 1,400 and 1,750 acre-feet per year. Agreements are in place with the Metropolitan Water District that would allow Maywood Mutual #3 to purchase 2,500 acre-feet of water per year if necessary, for a total possible supply of 7,000 acre-feet per year. This would be more than four times the current usage within Maywood Mutual #3's service area. Maywood Mutual #3 reports that groundwater production is adequate for current and any foreseen future demand. 2.2 Air Quality The quality of the air in Southern California is determined by many regional factors: prevailing winds, persistent inversion conditions, the commute habits of 10 million -plus people within the air basin, and the presence of major ports and industry. Vernon lies within the South Coast Air Basin, a geographic area that extends from the Pacific Ocean to the San Gabriel Mountains, and from the Ventura County boundary east to the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains. The air basin is a non -attainment area for federal and State air quality standards for ozone and State standards for particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10). The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) regulates air quality improvement programs within the basin and works to improve regional air quality to achieve federal and State standards. Resources Element - 4 At the local level, emissions from stationary sources (industry, power plants, etc.) and from vehicles discharge chemicals and particulate matter into the air, and these emissions are further transformed in the atmosphere by photochemical action into ozone and other health -threatening pollutants. As heavy industry is prevalent in Vernon, most local businesses are heavily regulated by SCAQMD. Emissions from trucks, cars, and trains are regulated by State and federal agencies, meaning the Vernon City Council and City staff have little ability to affect those factors that most significantly contribute to regional air quality conditions. However, the City recognizes its responsibility to participate in regional efforts to continue to improve air quality. City programs in this regard include City purchase and use of alternative fuel vehicles and fuel -efficient vehicles. In 2006, about 3.5 percent of the vehicles owned by the City used alternative fuels. As the City replaces its fleet of vehicles, consideration and priority will be given to the purchase of more vehicles using hybrid or electric engines or other emerging technologies that replace fossil fuels. Because motor vehicles represent a significant source of pollutant emissions, one key approach to reducing emissions is to reduce vehicle miles traveled. In 2006, businesses in Vernon employed 44,225 workers locally. Many employers have large workforces, offering opportunities for carpooling and other ride -sharing arrangements. Also, many Metro bus lines serve the City, and Blue Line light rail has stops that readily serve Vernon businesses (provided one is willing to walk or take bus connections from the train stations). The City is in a position to encourage transit use and ride sharing by serving as an information hub and clearinghouse for local businesses. Reducing the volume of cars on local streets can help reduce regional emissions and allow Vernon to contribute to regional air quality improvements. 2.3 Global Warming Recently the State Legislature enacted legislation requiring that the California Air Resources Board determine the level of greenhouse gases produced in 1990 and to determine the means for the level of emissions in 2020 not exceed the 1990 level. Litigation has been brought to require that local agencies approving large projects, including general plans to address the issue of global warming and demonstrate what measures will be taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Vernon General Plan ResourrAn Flemont Resources Element - 5 Vernon General Plan Resources Element In Vernon, emissions are regulated by the Southern California Air Quality District, as well as State and federal agencies. The agencies have imposed regulations to reduce emissions from both stationary and vehicular sources. These actions have led to a substantial improvement in air quality in the Southern California air basin and presumably have had a concurrent effect on greenhouse gas emissions. Further reductions are anticipated as new requirements are imposed by current legislation and regulations. The City of Vernon is a built out city and the General Plan does not envision any substantive increase in either square footage in industrial development (basically the only type of development permitted in the City) or substantive increases in employment (see Tables LU-1 in the Land Use Element). The issue of increased emissions resulting from growth is not expected to be a significant concern as a resulting of growth of change in the City. 2.4 Energy Supplies Industrial businesses in Vernon require reliable energy supplies for industrial processes and refrigeration. In 1932, the citizens of Vernon supported a bond measure that authorized the City to construct a power plant. This enabled the City to build its own electric power generating plant -to meet the needs of this "exclusively industrial city". Since then, the City has been able to provide reliable and comparatively low-cost electric power to its customers. In 2005, the City completed construction of the Malburg Generating Station, a new natural -gas -powered power plant that provides electricity to many businesses in Vernon. The City is working on plans to construct a new natural -gas -powered 914 megawatt plant that would boost the City's capabilities and enhances supplies in the region, as excess power could probably be put on the grid for users throughout Southern California. The City recognizes that energy conservation benefits consumers in the form of lower energy costs. Conservation also reduces the need for construction of costly new energy production facilities. Finally, conservation helps efforts to improve regional air quality by reducing pollutant emissions from older power generation plants in Southern California. Vernon: The City is committed to working with local businesses to help them be energy efficient and help keep rates low. Resources Element - 6 2.6 Open Space The major open space resources in Vernon consist of the Los Angeles River Channel and utility easements. Given the Civs industrial character, Vernon does not contain and does not have a need for public parks. Private open spaces on industrial properties are limited as well, as most buildings are built to the sidewalk line, leaving limited area foron-site landscaping. Over time, requirements for site -specific runoff control may result in property owners devoting portions of setback or parking areas to green space. Additional green space may also be added through the middle of Vernon if plans progress for the "re -greening' of the Los Angeles River. The Los Angeles River Master Plan, adopted by the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors in 1996, calls for a greenway along the bank, a trail and murals along the west levee, an interpretive exhibit near the Bandini Avenue crossing, and a passive park area near Atlantic Avenue. As of 2007, no funding source or preliminary plan for creation of additional open space within. the City of Vernon currently exists. 2.6 Cultural Resources In 1847, the Mexican militia fought U.S. troops under the command of U.S. Army General Stephen Watts Kearny and U.S. Navy Captain Robert F. Stockton along the San Gabriel River. The battle of La Mesa, in present-day Vernon, occurred on January 9,1847 and ended with the Mexicans overwhelmed by a strong American advance. On January 10, Mexican leaders surrendered peacefully to the Americans, who promptly occupied the city of Los Angeles. Between 1847 and the early years of the twentieth century, the lands that now comprise Vernon were dedicated largely to agriculture, with John B. Leonis representing one of the key ranchers/landholders in the area. Vernon incorporated in 1905 as an "exclusively industrial" city and was named after a dirt road, Vernon Avenue, crossing its center. In the following years, many diverse industries established major facilities in the City, taking advantage of the rail access and, with the construction in 1932 of a City -owned power plant, low-cost electricity. The industrial buildings that house these diverse industries well serve their industrial functions, but also display Vernon General Plan Resources Element Resources Element - 7 Vernon General Plan Resources Element architecture representative of distinct periods and styles. The busy building period of the 1920s and '30s produced several Streamline Moderne structures, and wonderful brick buildings can be found throughout the City. A notable landmark is the Farmer John mural surrounding the company's meat processing facility on Vernon Avenue. Vernon will assist in the effort to preserve the memory of early Los Angeles, and tell the story of its growth and development, through taking and retaining photographs of buildings and structures that may have architectural or historic interest. 3.0 GOALS AND POLICIES GOAL R-1 Conserve and protect the region's water and energy resources. POLICY R-1.1: Encourage water conservation and the use of recycled water in new developments and by all industries. POLICY R-1.2: Support the use of energy -saving designs and equipment in all new development and reconstruction projects. POLICY R-1.3: Seek and pursue the most practicable and cost-effective means of implementing National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Systems requirements. GOAL R-2 Contribute to the continued gradual improvement of air quality in the South Coast Air Basin. POLICY R-2.1: Coordinate and cooperate with the South Coast Air Quality Management District and Southern California Association of Governments in efforts to implement the regional Air Quality Management Plan. POLICY R-2.2: Encourage and facilitate the use of public transportation to reduce emissions associated with automobile use. POLICY R-2.3: Continue to expand the number of City -owned alternative fuels vehicles, hybrid Resources Element - 8 vehicles, and other energy -efficient vehicles as they may be available. POLICY R-2.4: Maximize the amount of clean electrical power produced while minimizing emissions from power production plants. GOAL R-3 Preserve established open spaces, and look for opportunities to create new open space areas that can benefit the health and welfare of workers and residents in Vernon. POLICY R-3.1: Continue to maintain landscaped areas at City facilities as appropriate. POLICY R-3.2: Cooperate with regional efforts to upgrade the appearance and open space value of the Los Angeles River Channel. POLICY R-3.3: Encourage private property owners and industries to establish and maintain private landscaped areas for the benefit of employees. POLICY R-3.4: Continue the City's street tree planting and tree maintenance programs. GOAL R-4 Recognize and preserve Vernon's contributions to the industrial and architectural history of Los Angeles. POLICY R4.1: Expand available cultural resource information by establishing a City -maintained database of historic sites and facilities. POLICY R-4.2: Support the efforts of interested agencies or private organizations to undertake surveys or other research efforts to document buildings and places in Vernon of historic and/or architectural significance. POLICY R-4.3: Ensure compliance with CEQA provisions regarding cultural resources at the time buildings or places of identified or potential historic or architectural merit are proposed for demolition. Vernon General Plan RPcnnrrmc Flcme..t Resources Element - 9 Vernon General Plan Resources Element POLICY R4.4: Establish local programs and practices that recognize places of local or other historic significance. Resources Element -10 VERNON GENERAL PLAN NOISE ELEMENT NOISE ELEMENT 1.0 PURPOSE AND FOCUS 1.1 Purpose The purpose of the Noise Element is to identify significant sources of noise in Vernon and to identify ways to protect people living and working in Vernon from extensive exposure to excessive or unhealthy noise levels. Per the California Administrative Code, all general plans must include a Noise Element. The Noise Element sets the framework for working toward and maintaining environmental noise control appropriate to individual communities. The Element establishes goals, policies, and programs that identify possible approaches to protecting the business community and the few people living in Vernon from excessive noise. 1.2 Focus In recognition of the adverse health effects associated with excessive noise, the California Government Code, Section 65302(f), identifies the types of community noise to be addressed in the General Plan. The Noise Element is to identify noise sources from: • Freeways and street systems; • Freight on-line railroad operations; Vernon General Plan Noise Element Noise Element -1 Vernon General Plan Noise Element Local industrial plants, including, but not limited to, railroad classification yards; and Other stationary ground noise sources identified by local agencies as contributing to the community noise environment. Vernon is unique in that its status as an all -industrial community establishes different sensitivities regarding noise than those present in typical suburban or even mixed -use urban areas. Local businesses are not significantly impacted by higher noise levels that would not be appropriate in a residential neighborhood or near schools, parks, or hospitals. 2.0 ABOUT NOISE Noise is often defined as unwanted, excessive, or irksome sound. Sound - and noise - consists of waves of energy that we receive and interpret. To describe the character of a particular noise, acousticians must have information about: The amplitude and amplitude variation of the acoustical wave, • The frequency (pitch) content of the noise, and • The duration of the noise. 2.1 Noise Metrics Definitions of the most commonly used terms encountered in community noise assessments and noise control are provided in the General Plan Glossary. Of these terms, the A -weighted sound pressure level, or dB(A), is the scale of measurement that is most useful in community noise measurement. This sound level is measured in decibels to provide a scale with the range and characteristics most consistent with that of peoples' sensitivity to sounds, as described below. Since decibels are logarithmic units, sound pressure levels cannot be added or subtracted by ordinary arithmetic means. For example, if one automobile produces a sound pressure level of 70 dB when it passes an observer, two cars passing simultaneously would not produce 140 dB. hi fact, they would combine to produce 73 dB. This same principle can be applied to other traffic quantities as well. In other words, doubling the traffic volume on a street or the speed of the traffic will increase the traffic noise level by 3 dB. Conversely, halving the Noise Element - 2 traffic volume or speed will reduce the traffic noise level by 3 dB. Sound pressure level alone is not a reliable indicator of loudness. The frequency or pitch of a sound also has a substantial effect on how humans will respond. While the intensity of the sound is a purely physical quantity, the loudness or human response depends on the characteristics of the human ear. Human hearing is limited not only to the range of audible frequencies, but also in the way it perceives the sound pressure level in that range. In general, the healthy human ear is most sensitive to sounds between 1,000 hertz (Hz) and 5,000 Hz, and perceives both higher and lower frequency sounds of the same magnitude with less intensity. To approximate the frequency response of the human ear, a series of sound pressure level adjustments is usually applied to the sound measured by a sound level meter. The adjustments, or weighting network, are frequency dependent. The A -scale approximates the frequency response of the average young ear when listening to most ordinary everyday sounds. When people make relative judgments of the loudness or annoyance of a sound, their judgments correlate well with the A -scale sound levels of those sounds. A range of noise levels associated with common indoor and outdoor activities is shown in Figure N-1. Vernon General Plan Noise Element Noise Element - 3 Vernon General Plan Noise Element Figure N-1: Examples of Noise Levels 120 Threshold of pain Deco 115 Textile mill 110 Maximum Vocal Effort Physical Discomfort Textlle plant 105 Printing plant 100 Very Annoying Hearing Damage stead 6-Hour Ex osure Jackhammer at 50 ft. 95 Power lawn mower at 5 a. 90 Heavy mixer at 50 ft 85 Concrete mixer at 50 ft. so Annoying Inside car at 40 mph. 75 Vacuum cleaner at 10 tt.. 70 Telephone use very difficult Car, 60 mph at 100 ft, 65 Conversational speech so Intrusive Large transformer at 50 55 Urban residence 50 ` quiet Smell town residence 45 40. Soft whisper at 6 R. 35 30 Very Quiet 25 20 15 10 Audible 5 0 Threshold or hearing Source: Wieland Associates Inc. and Melville C. Branch and R. Dale Beland. The A -weighted sound level of traffic and other long-term noise -producing activities within and around a community varies considerably with time. Measurements of this varying noise level are accomplished by recording values of the A - weighted level during representative periods within a specified portion of the day. It is recognized that a given level of noise may be more or less tolerable depending on the duration of exposure experienced by an individual. There are numerous measures of noise exposure that consider not only the A -level variation of noise but also the duration of the disturbance. The State Department of Aeronautics and the California Commission on Housing and Community Development have adopted the community Noise Element 4 noise equivalent level (CNEL). This measure weights the average noise levels for the evening hours (7:00 P.M. to 10:00 P.M.), increasing them by 5 dB, and weights the late evening and morning hour noise levels (10:00 P.M. to 7:00 A.M.) by 10 dB. The daytime noise levels are combined with these weighted levels and are averaged to obtain a CNEL value: Figure N-2 indicates the outdoor CNEL at typical locations throughout the Southern California area. 2.2 Noise and Health Effects Sound levels which exceed 85 dB(A), when experienced for long durations during each working day, may result in severe temporary or even permanent hearing loss. State and federal safety and health regulations currently protect workers at levels of exposure that exceed 90 dB(A) for each eight -hour workday. Speech intelligibility is impaired when sound levels exceed 60 dB(A). The level of interference increases with sound level and Vernon General Plan Noise Element Figure N-2: Examples of Noise at Southern California Locations Next to Freeway Los Angeles, 314 miles from LAX . Downtown Los Angeles Housing on major street Los Angeles, 8 miles from LAX Old suburban residential area Small town cul-de.sac Farm the distance between speaker and listener. Sound levels that exceed 40 to 45 dB(A) are generally considered to be excessive for sleeping areas within a residence. 2.3 Community Noise Standards Vernon has established community noise standards to help guide land use decisions and protect sensitive uses from excessive noise levels, as shown in Figure N-3. Because the City consists almost exclusively of industrial uses and policy set forth in the Housing Element prohibits the construction of any new housing in recognition of the hazards - including high noise levels associated with widespread industrial activity, these standards discourage any new noise -sensitive use that would be incompatible with the City's industrial focus. Similarly, zoning regulations prohibit community facilities such as schools, day care centers, and hospitals. U so 70 LD 50 40 30 Noise Element - 5 Vernon General Plan Noise Element Figure N-3: Community Noise Standards CNEL,dB Land Use Category 58 55 80 i35 70 75- 80 r� Residential • Mul&family, Duplex Schools, 'Churches- pt A Building, Research & Development, Professional F i,gOfice 'fr tip Offices, City OfficeBuilding Commercial Retail, Banks, Restaurants _ A"< Y�q" c-q = 7,A i' Service Station, Auto Dealership, Manufacturing, Warehousing, Wholesale, Utilities Aj E. , X A pg Agriculture LLLJ CLEARLY COMPATIBLE Specified land use Is satisfactory, based upon the assumption that any buildings involved are of normal conventional ccntruction without. any special noise insulation requirements. NORMALLY COMPATIBLE New construction or development should be. undertaken only after detailed analysis of the noise reduction requirements is made and needed noise insulation features: in the design are determined. Conventional construction, with closed windows and fresh air supply systems or air conditioning, will normally suffice. ® NORMALLY INCOMPATIBLE New construction, ordevelopment should generally be discouraged. If new construction or development. does proceed, a detailed analysis: of noise reduction requirements must be made and needed noise insulationfeatures included in the. design. CLEARLY INCOMPATIBLE - Newconstructionordevelopmentshouldgenerallynot. be undertaken. Noise Element - 6 3.0 NOISE ENVIRONMENT IN 2007 In 2007, the City conducted a comprehensive noise survey of the community to document the noise environment. Measurements were taken at eleven locations, including two border locations in adjacent communities. Three measurements consisted of 24-hour recordings of the sound environment, and the balance were limited duration measurements at representative locations throughout Vernon and, as noted above, on the border of neighboring communities. The most significant noise -producing activity within Vernon involves the transportation systems: the arterial roadways and train movements along regional rail lines. In addition, many major manufacturing businesses create high noise levels. The only noise -sensitive land uses within the City are scattered residential units and the Vernon City Elementary School. Residences, most of which are owned by the City, are primarily clustered in three areas: on Vernon Avenue at Furlong Place, on Vernon Avenue between Downey Road and Alcoa Avenue, and on Fruitland Avenue west of Downey Road. Vernon City Elementary School is located at the southwest corner of Vernon Avenue and Santa Fe Avenue. The adjacent communities of Huntington Park and Maywood have residential neighborhoods and schools along and near their boundaries with Vernon. Vernon has long practiced good neighbor policies with respect to these uses, cooperating with adjacent cities to minimize noise impacts on sensitive uses. Vernon General Plan Noise Element Noise Element - 7 Vernon General Plan Noise Element 3.1 2007 CNEL Contours The noise measurements were modeled to create a community -wide "picture' of noise conditions. The CNEL contours for major arterial roadways and the I-710 freeway within the City were developed utilizing the Federal Highway Administrations Traffic Noise Model and traffic data obtained from Caltrans and citywide traffic count data (2004-2007). The railroad contours were developed based on Wyle Laboratories' computational procedures and on a computer model developed by the Federal Transit Administration. Operational data for the railroads was obtained from Amtrak and Metrolink schedules, the Southern California Regional Rail Authority, the Alameda Corridor Transit Authority, the Union Pacific Company, and the Federal Railroad Administration Office of Safety Analysis. These noise measurements and modeling results collectively can be represented by noise contour lines. Similar to the way topographic maps show contours indicated elevation change, the noise contour maps indicate decreasing noise levels as you move away from the noise source. Figure N-4 illustrates the noise contours for year 2007. 3.2 Transportation Noise Sources Noise along Arterial Roadways Figure N-4 shows that noise levels associated with truck and automobile traffic along Vernon s arterial roadways are 70 CNEL along the roadway frontages. With regard to the gradual diminishment of noise as the receiver moves away from the street, the modeling does not take into account the mitigating effect of buildings that front the street. Noise Element - 8 Vernon General Plan Noise Element This page is intentionally blank. Noise Element - 10 Vernon General Plan Noise Element Freeway Noise The CNEL generated in Vernon by traffic on the I-710 freeway is as high as 80 dB. However, the land uses affected by the traffic noise are largely industrial in nature and are not noise sensitive. Train Noise The City is impacted by noise from train movements on six primary rail lines, numerous, spur; lines, and activities at the Burlington, Northern& Santa Fe (BNSF) rail yard, as well as at the Union Pacific (UPRR) rail yard in the City of Commerce. The CNEL associated with train movements in and through Vernon is as high as 80 dB. However, the land uses affected by the traffic noise are largely industrial in nature and are not noise sensitive. The primary source of annoyance to residents in the vicinity of the UPRR line adjacent to Downey Road is train horn soundings at crossings. 3.3 Industrial Noise Sources In general, industrial noise within the City is not considered excessive because Vernon is a predominantly industrial city with few noise -sensitive properties. However, at the few scattered residences within the City, as well as at the Vernon City Elementary School, noise levels can exceed generally acceptable standards for these noise -sensitive uses. The impact is primarily related to noise generated by loading dock operations, trucks entering and leaving the area, and mechanicalequipment located both inside and outside building. Adjacent to the City of Vernon are residential neighborhoods in the cities of Huntington Park and Maywood. Noise measurements taken in 2006 indicated that while average noise levels ranged up to 66.7 dB(A) and noise spikes registered 87.6 dB(A) during daytime hours, the measured CNELs of 61.5 dB in Huntington Park and 64 dB in Maywood were less than the exterior CNEL standard of 70 dB for residential properties in Vernon. Noise Element -11 Vernon General Plan Noise Element 4.0 FUTURE NOISE ENVIRONMENT Figure N-5 indicates projected noise contours for year 2030, assuming growth in regional traffic volumes through Vernon and anticipated activity along rail lines, the Alameda Corridor, and the regional rail lines. Land use policy provides for continued industrial use throughout the community, with provision for some commercial uses along Santa Fe Avenue and limited portions of Soto Street to meet the needs of the daytime employee population. As indicated above, land use policy prohibits the introduction of any new noise -sensitive uses. Thus, the City does not anticipate any new noise conflicts will arise in Vernon over the life of this General Plan. With regard to existing conditions where established residences and Vernon City Elementary School sometimes experience high noise levels, the City works with surrounding businesses to achieve noise standards established in the Zoning Ordinance. 5.0 GOALS AND POLICIES As an industrial city, the aim of the Noise Element is to address compatibility among neighboring businesses and industries, and to work with adjacent communities to resolve any conflicts that may be associated with individual businesses along Vernon s municipal boundary. Goal N-1 Reduce impacts from transportation noise sources to the extent they may affect industrial businesses. Policy N-1.1: Encourage the effective enforcement of local, state, and federal noise levels by all appropriate City divisions. Policy N-1.2: Review noise impacts when rail corridors are consolidated, and review ways to reduce impacts on adjacent businesses. Noise Element - 12 Vernon General Plan Noise Element This page intentionally left blank. Noise Element - 14 Goal N-2 Incorporate noise and vibration considerations into land use planning decisions. Policy N-2.1: Consider the noise levels likely to be produced by any new businesses or substantially expanded business activities locating near existing noise -sensitive uses such as schools, community facilities, and residences, as well as adjacent to established businesses involving vibration - sensitive activities. Policy N-2.2: Encourage acoustical design in all new construction. Policy N-2.3: Prohibit the establishment of any new noise - sensitive land uses in Vernon, including but not limited to residences, schools, day-care facilities, and community facilities. Goal N-3 Develop measures to control non -transportation noise and similar impacts. Policy N-3.1: Continue to enforce the noise and vibration performance standards in the City Code to mitigate conflicts among neighboring uses. Policy N-3.2: Establish and maintain coordination among City agencies involved in noise abatement. Policy N-3.3: City departments will comply with all state and federal OSHA noise standards, and all new City equipment purchases shall comply with state and federal noise standards. Vernon General Plan Noise Element Noise Element -15 Vernon General Plan Noise Element This page intentionally left blank. Noise Element - 16 VERNON GENERAL PLAN APPENDIX A: IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Appendix A: Implementation Plan This Implementation Plan will guide City elected officials and staff in the overall effort to carry out adopted General Plan goals and policies. The purpose of the implementation programs is to enable the overall direction set forth in the General Plan to be translated from general terms to specific actions. Each implementation program is a procedure, program, or technique that requires City action, either alone or in collaboration with non -governmental or quasi -governmental organizations or state and federal agencies. Some of the implementation programs are processes or procedures the City currently administers on a day-to-day basis (such as development project review), while others identify new programs or projects. Completion of the identified programs will be subject to funding constraints. The implementation programs are organized into the following six subsections corresponding to the General Plan elements: • Land Use Element Circulation and Infrastructure Element Housing Element Safety Element Natural Resources Element Noise Element Each implementation program relates directly to one or more General Plan policies, drawn from the various General Plan elements. For each program, the related General Plan policies are listed, along with the responsible City departments or other governmental agencies, the recommended time frame, and likely funding source or sources. The implementation programs are intended for use as the basis for preparing the Annual Report to the City Council on the status of the City's progress in implementing the General Plan, as described in Section 65400 of the Government Code. Because many of the individual actions and programs act as mitigation for environmental impacts resulting from planned Implementation Plan A-1 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan development pursuant to the General Plan, the annual report can also provide a means of monitoring application of the mitigation measures as required by Public Resources Code Section 21081.6. The programs should be updated annually concurrent with the budget process and whenever the City s General Plan is amended or updated to ensure continued consistency and usefulness. Implementation Plan A- 2 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan LAND USE ELEMENT This section includes actions that will assist City officials, staff, and the public to implement the goals and policies of the Land Use Element. .ca.o,...v-J: annuai xeview of General Plan. Annually review implementation of the General Plan to identify the effect of land development and use on City revenues and costs of providing public facilities and services. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning Division Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Annually Related Policies: All a v-c. %-nv a k-ompuance and Site Development Review. Comply with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in the review of proposed development projects. Use the review process to require projects to address environmental concerns, fund needed public facilities, recognize groundwater resources and water quality, minimize traffic impacts, be compatible with surrounding development, and comply with all use and development standards of the City. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning Division Funding Source: Development Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: All Action LU-3: Capital Improvement Program. Continue to implement and update the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) to address phasing and construction of roadway and infrastructure improvements throughout the City. Use the five-year CIP process to prioritize, finance, and complete projects identified in the CIP. Update the CIP every two years to respond to changes in local priorities and available funding sources. Agency/Department: All departments associated with the CIP Funding Source: Identified funding sources in the CIP Time Frame: Annually Related Policies: LU-2.6, CI-1.1, CI-1.6, CI-1.11, CI-1.12, R-2.3 Implementation Plan A- 3 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Action LU4: Operating Budget. Continue to adopt and update the City's Operating Budget to maintain desired levels of City services and infrastructure. Agency/Department: Finance Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Annually Related Policies: LU-3.2, LU-3.3, LU-3.4, CI-2.4, CI-6.3, S-3.8, R-2.1 Action LU-5: Promote Manufacturing. Through zoning regulations and economic development strategies and programs, promote manufacturing uses in the City. Agency/Department: Redevelopment Agency Funding Source: General Fund; Redevelopment Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: LU-1.1, LU-1.2, LU-1.4 Action LU-6: Lot Consolidation. Coordinate with property owners in consolidating and merging properties for redevelopment of older and underutilized properties. Look for opportunities for City purchase of properties for assemblage and resale. Agency/Department: Redevelopment Agency Funding Source: General Fund, Redevelopment Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: LU-2.2, LU-2.4, Action LU-7: Redevelopment Plans. Continue to implement the Redevelopment Plan for the Vernon Redevelopment Area in an effort to revitalize blighted properties and improve overall development conditions within the redevelopment plan area. Agency/Department: Redevelopment Agency Funding Source: Redevelopment Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: LU-2.1, LU-2.2, LU-2.3, LU-2.4, LU-3.5 Action LU-8: Code Enforcement. Continue to enforce property maintenance standards, noise regulations, and other property related regulatory standards in the Zoning Code, City Code, and other City ordinances, in efforts to keep properties throughout the City well maintained, and to prevent blight by neglect. Agency/Department: Funding Source: Time Frame: Related Policies: Implementation Plan A- 4 Community Services Department General Funds Ongoing LU-2.3, LU-3.1, H-1.1, S-3.4 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan CIRCULATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE. ELEMENT This section includes actions that will assist City officials, staff, and the public to implement the goals and policies of the Circulation and Infrastructure Element. Action CI-1: Automated Traffic Surveillance and Control System (ATSAC). Conduct a study to determine if ATSAC would be a beneficial and cost-effective system for the City to operate and maintain. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division Funding Source: General Fund, State Gas Tax; grants Time Frame: Complete by 2008 Related Policies: CI-1.12 action a-z: irattic Control, Safety, and Maintenance. Complete intersection capacity improvements, provide for the widening of Soto Street, and improve striping and signage as set forth in the Circulation and Infrastructure Element and General Plan Program EIR. Agency/ Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division Funding Source: State Gas Tax; grants; General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-1.6, CI-1.7, CI-1.8, CI-1.13 Action CI-3: Soto Street Widening. At the time properties along Soto Street are redeveloped or as otherwise dictated by City plans for the widening of Soto Street, require the dedication of right-of-way to . achieve the road standard for Soto Street established in the Circulation and Infrastructure Element. Complete the road widening project at the time adequate right-of-way has been acquired and/or dedicated. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning and Public Works Divisions Funding Source: State Gas Tax; grants; General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing for dedication; complete widening by 2015 Related Policies: CI-1.6, CI-1.7, CI-1.8, CI-1.13 Action CI4: Coordinate with Adjacent Jurisdictions. Continue to coordinate intersection maintenance and improvements with adjacent jurisdictions so that intersections along Soto Street, Pacific Boulevard, Slauson Avenue, Alameda Street, Atlantic Boulevard, Bandini Boulevard, and Downey Road operate at an acceptable Level of Service. Implementation Plan A- 5 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-1.9, CI-1.11 Action CI-5: Coordinate with Rail Companies. Coordinate with railroad companies in removing obsolete rail spurs. Work to minimize traffic impacts to City streets from trucks using Hobart Yard facilities and other multi -modal transportation yards. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning and Public Works Divisions Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-1.2, CI-1.4, CI-1.12 Action CI-6: Interstate 710 Freeway Improvements. Work with Caltrans on all plans, activities, and projects regarding Interstate 710 that may directly impact Vernon's roadway facilities and traffic patterns. Coordinate with the Gateway Cities Council of Governments and Southern California Association of Governments with studies and programs regarding the improvements to the I- 710 freeway Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning and Public Works Divisions Funding Source: General Funds; Redevelopment Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-1.11 Action CI-7: Minimize Parking Impacts. Work with businesses to develop creative strategies and solutions to address parking shortages. Require new development projects to meet the minimum parking standards in the Zoning Ordinance for both trucks and automobiles, including truck trailer storage, employee parking, and visitor parking. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning Division Funding Source: Development Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-2.1, CI-2.2, CI-2.3, CI-2.4 Implementation Plan A- 6 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan .ycimn �.r-o: metropoutan Transportation Authority. Work with the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) to achieve the following: • Implement the Metro's Congestion Management Plan (CMP) within the City. • Continue to provide local and regional connections through Metro local and rapid bus lines. • Improve access to local Metro stations. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-1.9, CI-1.10, CI-1.13 Action CI-9: Water Services and Supplies. As needed, require studies to determine water infrastructure requirements for future development projects, and determine which recommendations should be incorporated into the design of projects. As permitted by law, require the dedication of necessary rights -of -way and construction of water infrastructure improvements for all new development projects. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Water Department Funding Source: Water Rates Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-3.1, CI-3.2, CI-3.3, CI,3.4 a_.r-.u: urvan water management Plan. Continue to implement and update Vernon s Urban Water Management Plan in an effort to provide long-term planning and visioning for managing its water resources and providing a reliable supply of water. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Water Department Funding Source: Water Rates Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-3.1, CI-3.3, S-1.4 �.�..�.�._.-u: rvater uuarrty. lontinue to maintain the quality of Vernon's drinking water by inspecting water well installations and monitoring general water quality. Continue to take routine water samples at various locations in the City and submit them to a water quality laboratory for analysis. Promote working with water agencies that supply water to Vernon to ensure adequate water quality. Implementation Plan A- 7 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Water Department Funding Source: Water Rates Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-3.3 Action CI-12: Cross Connection Control Program. Continue to implement the Cross Connection Control Program, which provides additional protection for the drinking water system. The function of the program is to prevent the water supply from being contaminated by the backflow of industrial fluids through the inspection of water piping systems, and the permitting and installation of specific plumbing devices at locations where there is a potential for backflow resulting in contamination. Backflow prevention devices are required to be tested annually by certified testers. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Water Department and Environmental Health Department Funding Source: Water Rates and Health Permit Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-3.1 Action CI-13: Energy. Continue to provide high quality electric and gas services to Vernon businesses at competitive rates. Agency/Department: Light and Power Department; Gas Department Funding Source: Electric and Gas Rates Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-6.1, CI-6.2, CI-6.3, CI-6.4, CI-6.5, R-1.2 Action CI-14: National Pollutant Discharge and Elimination System (NPDES) Compliance. Prior to making land use decisions, the City will utilize available methods to estimate increases in pollutant loads and flows resulting from projected future development. In addition, applicants for new development and redevelopment projects shall be required to demonstrate accomplishment of the following NPDES objectives: Use of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to mitigate projected increases in pollutant loads and flows. Minimized pollutant loading during and after construction. Limited disturbance of natural water bodies and natural drainage systems. Pollution prevention methods, source controls and treatment using small collection strategies located at, or as close as possible to, the source. Implementation Plan A- 8 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Agency/Department: Environmental Health Department and Community Services Department Funding Source: Development Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-5.4, R-1.3 Action CI-15: Wastewater Treatment Services and Sewer Maintenance and Upgrades. As needed, require studies to determine sewer infrastructure requirements for future development projects, and determine which recommendations should be incorporated into the design of projects. As permitted by law, require the dedication of necessary right-of-way and construction of sewer infrastructure improvements for all new development projects. Continue to provide funding to repair, maintain, and upgrade the City s wastewater collection system. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division Funding Source: Development Fees, General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-4.1, CI-4.2, CI-4.3 Action CI-16: Storm Drain Maintenance and Quality. As needed, prepare studies to determine the adequacy of the storm drain infrastructure for development proposals and/or to prevent localized flooding. Require developers to incorporate necessary improvements into the design of the project. Continue to monitor storm drains and water quality in an ongoing effort to prevent pollution of the storm drain system which leads directly to the Los Angeles River. Continue to monitor storm water control activities through hazardous materials inspections and continue to provide educational materials for businesses regarding storm water pollution. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division; Environmental Health Department Funding Source: Health Permit Fees; development fees; General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-5.1, CI-5.2, CI-5.3, CI-5.4 �1-ii: -.ommunity Information. Continue to use communications services, such as the City's website, to inform interested parties of information regarding announcements and upcoming events, as well as information about City departments, business permitting requirements, etc. . Agency/Department: Information Technology Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-7.1 Implementation Plan A- 9 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Action CI-18: High Technology Services. Continue to offer fiber-optic cabling and other state- of-the-art communication services to Vernon businesses. Encourage data centers to locate in Vernon. Consider ways to provide wireless communications services to all areas of the City. Agency/Department: Information Technology Department Funding Source: General Fund and Fiber Optic Rates Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-7.1 Action CI-19: New Sidewalks and Ramps. Provide funding for new sidewalks and ramps throughout the City. Place priority on replacing sidewalks that have been identified as deficient and a hazard to the public safety. Agency/Department: Funding Source: Time Frame: Related Policies: Implementation Plan A-10 Community Services Department, Public Works Division City Parcel Tax; General Fund Ongoing CI-1.1 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan HOUSING ELEMENT The specific action programs contained in the Housing Element will assist City officials, staff, and the public to implement the goals and policies of the Housing Element, consistent with State law. These action programs are summarized here. Action H-1: Maintenance of City -Owned Residences. The City owns 26 of the total 31 housing units in Vernon, all of which are rented. The City is responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of these units. The City has initiated an extensive renovation project on all City -owned units to ensure the continued longevity of existing units, recently completing renovations on 12 units. An additional 6 units are currently undergoing rehabilitation (anticipated completion by July 2008). The City plans to renovate the remaining 8 units by the end of 2011. The City will continue to provide maintenance to these units, thus ensuring upkeep for the majority of Vernon's housing stock. Agency/Department: Community Services Department Funding Source: Departmental Budget Time Frame: Complete current renovations (6 units) by July 2008. Complete remaining renovations (8 units) by December 2011. Related Policies: H-1.1, H-1.2, H-1.3, H-2.1 Action 1-2: Code Enforcement. Of the five non -City owned units located in Vernon, none was determined by the City to be in need of substantial rehabilitation. Community Services staff will actively monitor all residential units in the City to ensure the health and safety of City residents. Staff will respond to reports of code violations within the week that they are reported, and enforce applicable laws to ensure the safety and preservation of all housing units within the City. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Planning and Building Divisions Funding Source: Departmental Budget Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: H-1.1, H-1.2, H-1.3, H-2.1 Action H-3: Preservation of Assisted Housing. State law (Chapter 1451, Statutes of 1989) requires the City to identify, analyze and propose programs within the Housing Element to address the potential conversion of all federal, State and locally assisted housing developments eligible to change to non -low-income use during the next ten-year period (2008-2018). There is no housing at risk of losing its subsidized status that must be considered in the Housing Element. Implementation Plan A-11 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Agency/Department: Community Services Department Funding Source: Departmental Budget Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: H-1.1, H-1.3, H-2.1 Action H-4: Housing Opportunities for Residents with Special Needs. The Fair Housing Act, as amended in 1988, requires that cities and counties provide reasonable accommodation to rules, policies, practices, and procedures where such accommodation may be necessary to afford individuals with disabilities equal housing opportunities. To create a process for making requests for reasonable accommodation, the City will draft and adopt procedures to provide exceptions in zoning and building codes for housing for persons with disabilities and provide information to residents via public counters and the City's website. This procedure will be a ministerial process, with minimal or no processing fee, subject to approval by the Director of Community Services applying the following decision -making criteria: • The request for reasonable accommodation will be used by an individual with a disability protected under fair housing laws. • The requested accommodation is necessary to make housing available to an individual with a disability protected under fair housing laws. • The requested accommodation would not impose an undue financial or administrative burden on the City. The requested accommodation would not require a fundamental alteration in the nature of the City's land use and zoning program. Agency/Department: Community Services Department Funding Source: Departmental Budget Time Frame: June 2009 Related Policies: H-2.2, H-3.1 Action H-5: Priority Water and Sewer Services. In accordance with Government Code Section 65589.7 as revised in 2005, after the Vernon Housing Element is adopted by City Council, a copy will be immediately delivered to all public agencies or private entities that provide water or sewer services to properties within Vernon. Agency/Department: Community Services Department Funding Source: Departmental Budget Time Frame: 2008 Related Policies: H-1.1, H-2.1 Action H-6: Equal Housing Opportunity. The Vernon City Clerk's Department is responsible for referring equal housing opportunity questions. Any questions or concerns raised by residents will be accepted by the City Clerk and brought before City Council for resolution. In order to disseminate information on fair Implementation Plan A- 12 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan housing resources more broadly throughout the City, a Frequently Asked Questions brochure on fair housing (FAQ) will be drafted by the City and be made available on the City s website and at public counters. The FAQ will include a listing of fair housing resources, in addition to briefly explaining existing fair housing laws and resident rights. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, City Clerk Funding Source: Departmental Budget Time Frame: June 2009 Related Policies: H-3.1 Implementation Plan A-13 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan SAFETY ELEMENT This section includes actions that will assist City officials, staff, and the public to implement the goals and policies of the Safety Element. Action S-1: Los Angeles County Flood Control District. Encourage the Los Angeles County Flood Control District to regularly maintain flood control channels and structures within its jurisdiction to protect properties from flood hazard, and to complete necessary repairs in a timely manner. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Public Works Division Funding Source: Los Angeles County Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-4.3 Action S-2: Geologic Hazard Assessments. Pursuant to state law, geologic and/or geotechnical studies are required for proposed new development projects located in areas identified as susceptible to liquefaction. Compliance with the recommendations set forth in site specific geologic and/or geotechnical studies will be made a condition of the site development permit for all new development projects. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Building Division Funding Source: Development Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-1.1 Action S-3: Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) Multi -Hazard Functional Plan. Continue to implement the City's SEMS Multi -Hazard Functional Plan according to requirements and provisions of the State's Standardized Emergency Management system. Establish community evacuation routes and when necessary, provide emergency shelter facilities. Agency/Department: Police and Fire Departments Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-1.1, S-1.5, S-3.1, S-3.7, S-4.1, S-4.3, S-4.4 Action S-4: Water Department's Emergency Response and Recovery Plan. Implement the Emergency Response and Recovery Plan in the event of natural disasters, technological incidents, and national securities emergencies to safeguard the City's water supply and service area. Implementation Plan A-14 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Agency/Department: Community Services Department; Water Department Funding Source: Water Rates Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-1.4 Action S-5: Adequate Public Safety and Emergency Response. Evaluate the need for additional fire and police facilities and resources. Require adequate street widths and clearance for emergency access. Agency/Department: Vernon Police and Fire Departments; Community Services Department Funding Source: General Funds; state and federal grants Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-1.2, S-1.3, S-1.5, S-3.3 Action S-6: City of Vernon Fire Department. Provide emergency response services to Vernon businesses covering fire protection, medical emergencies, urban search and rescue, and hazardous materials control. If the City budget permits, continue to maintain the Class I rating for the Fire Department by the Insurance Services Office and provide Vernon s fire personnel with the most advanced fire and rescue training and with state -of the -art equipment and apparatus. Agency/Department: Fire Department Funding Source: General Fund; State and federal grants Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-3.3, S-3.4, S-3.5, S•3.6, S-3.8, S-4.2 Action S-7: Hazardous Materials Monitoring Program (Ordinance 961). Continue to implement the Hazardous Materials Monitoring Program that monitors establishments where hazardous materials are produced, stored, handled, disposed of, treated, emitted, discharged, or recycled. The Program also directs and coordinates emergency response in the event of releases of hazardous materials. Agency/Department: Environmental Health and Fire Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-2.1, S-2.2, S-3.2 Implementation Plan A-15 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Action S-8: Hazardous Waste. Continue to implement activities so that hazardous wastes generated by Vernon businesses are handled and disposed according to federal, state, and local regulations. Assist businesses and consultants in the preparation and oversight of site assessments and mitigation activities. To minimize present and future threats to human health and the environment, the program actively promotes waste reduction options for hazardous waste generators. Agency/ Department: Environmental Health Department Funding Source: Permit Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: S-2.1, S-2.2, S-3.2 Action S-9: Underground Storage of Hazardous Substances (Ordinance 944). Continue to implement the Underground Storage of Hazardous Substances program to regulate the permitting, inspection, installation, and removal of underground tanks. Operating permits are issued following the proper installation and testing of tank systems with appropriate leak detection equipment. Agency/Department: Funding Source: Time Frame: Related Policies: Implementation Plan A-16 Environmental Health Department Permit Fees Ongoing S-2.1, S-2.2, S-3.2 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan RESOURCES ELEMENT This section includes actions that will assist City officials, staff, and the public to implement the goals and policies of the Resources Element. _�-.. ouppurr vvarer conservation. Conduct public education to raise business and property owner awareness about the need for water conservation. Use the City's website to promote and encourage the use of water conservation activities and water -conserving fixtures for industrial businesses. Agency/Department: Community Services Department; Public Works Department; Water Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: CI-3.4, R-1.1 Action R-2: Promote Energy Conservation. Continue to promote energy conservation by the public and private sector. Continue to implement Title 24 standards in building codes and work with energy providers to encourage energy conservation activities and promote energy conservation programs. Use the City website and City events to educate the public about the availability of energy conservation programs. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Building Division; Light and Power Department; Gas Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: R-1.2 Action R-3: Enforce Title 24 Energy Code. Update building code as needed to adhere to the most recent California s State Title 24 Energy Code to ensure more energy - efficient development. Agency/Department: Community Services Department, Building Division Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: R-1.2 «_�,� •�-Y: �uurulnare wnn Utner Agencies. Continue to participate and coordinate with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and neighboring jurisdictions to identify and encourage projects that improve mobility and reduce congestion on major roadways. Implement and interpret the General Plan in a manner consistent with SCAQMD's Air Quality Management Plan. Implementation Plan A-17 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan Agency/Department: Funding Source: Time Frame: Related Policies: Implementation Plan A- I8 Community Services Department General Fund Ongoing R-2.1. R-2.2. R-2.3, R-2.4 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan NOISE ELEMENT This section includes actions that will assist City officials, staff, and the public to implement the goals and policies of the Noise Element. Action N-1: Noise Regulations. Continue to enforce City noise regulations contained in the Zoning Ordinance to protect residents and school children from excessive noise levels associated with stationary noise sources. Periodically evaluate regulations for adequacy and revise, as needed, to address community needs and changes in legislation and technology. (Implementation Measure N-1) Agency/Department: Community Services Department; Environmental Health Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: N-1.1, N-1.2, N-1.3, N-2.1, N-2.2, N-3.1, N-3.2, N-3.3 Action N-2: Siting of New Businesses near Noise -sensitive Land Uses. Review development proposals at properties to determine whether the proposed use has the potential to exceed City one -hour noise standards. As appropriate, require acoustical analyses for all proposed activities that have the potential to exceed the standards, and require mitigation measures if noise analyses show an increase in noise levels beyond the City standards. Agency/Department: Community Services Department; Environmental Health Department Funding Source: General Fund Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: N-1.1, N-1.2, N-1.3, N-2.1, N-2.2, N-3.1, N-3.2, N-3.3 Action N-3: Noise Insulation Standards. Implement provisions of the California Noise Insulation Standards (Title 24) that specify that indoor noise levels for multi -family residential living spaces shall not exceed 45 dB CNEL. Agency/Department: Community Services Department Funding Source: Development Fees Time Frame: Ongoing Related Policies: N-1.1, N-1.2, N-1.3, N-2.1, N-2.2, N-3.1, N-3.2 Implementation Plan A-19 Vernon General Plan Implementation Plan This page intentionally left blank. Implementation Plan A- 20 VERNON GENERAL PLAN APPENDIX B: GLOSSARY Vernon General Plan Glossary GLOSSARY This Glossary draws from the California General Plan Glossary (from the State of California General Plan Guidelines) as the basis for definitions of abbreviations and terms used in the Vernon General Plan. Additional definitions have been added that are specific to Vernon. Access: A way of approaching or entering a property, including ingress (the right to enter) and egress (the right to leave). Affordable Housing: Under state and federal statutes, housing that costs no more than 30 percent of gross household income. Housing costs include rent or mortgage payments, utilities, taxes, insurance, homeowner association fees, and other related costs. Air Basin: A geographical area in California defined as a distinct air basin for the purpose of managing the air resources of the state on a regional basis. An air basin generally has similar meteorological and geographic conditions throughout. Air Quality Standards: The prescribed (by the Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board) level of pollutants in the outside air that cannot be exceeded legally during a specified time in a specified geographical area. Ancillary Use: An activity or use on a property that is directly related to a main use on the same property, and is subordinate and directly related to, and dependent upon, a principal use, building or structure. Aquifer: An underground, water -bearing layer of earth, porous rock, sand, or gravel through which water can seep or held in natural storage. Aquifers generally hold water to be used as a water supply. Arterial: A major street carrying the traffic of local and collector streets to and from freeways and other major streets, with controlled intersections and generally providing direct access to nonresidential properties. At -grade intersection: A junction at which two or more transport axes cross at the same level. A -Weighted Decibel (dBA): A numerical method of rating human judgment of. loudness. The A -weighted scale reduces the effects of low and high frequencies in order to simulate human hearing. Biodiesel: A diesel -equivalent processed fuel derived from biological sources (such as vegetable oils) which can be used in unmodified diesel -engine vehicles. Glossary - / Vernon General Plan Glossary California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA): A state law enacted in 1971 that requires governmental agencies at all levels to consider the impact proposed projects may have on the environment. Caltrans: California Department of Transportation Census: The official decennial enumeration of the population conducted by the federal government. City: City, with a capital "C," generally refers to the government or administration of the City of Vernon. City, with a lower case "c" may mean any city. Conservation: The management of natural resources to prevent waste, destruction, or neglect. CNEL: Community Noise Equivalent Level. In order to account for increased human sensitivity at night, this measure weights the average noise level at night by adding five dB to the measurement during the 7:00 P.M. to 10:00 P.M. time period and an additional ten dB on noise measured during the 10: P.M. to 7:00 A.M. time period. Vernon uses this measure in its noise standard. Collector: A relatively low -speed and low -volume street for moving traffic between arterial and local streets, and generally providing direct access to properties. Councils of Governments: Regional bodies that exist throughout the United States, typically defined to serve an area of several counties, and address issues such as regional and municipal planning, economic and community development, cartography and GIS, hazard mitigation and emergency planning, aging services, water use, pollution control, transit administration, and transportation planning. Vernon is part of the Gateway Cities Council of Governments (COG). Compatibility: The characteristics of different uses or activities that permit them to be located near each other in harmony and without conflict. The designation of permitted and conditionally permitted uses in zoning districts is intended to achieve compatibility within the district. Consistent: Free from variation or contradiction Dam inundation: Structural damage to a dam resulting in a flood. Dam failure can occur due to an earthquake, erosion, design flaw, or water overflow during storms. Decibel (dB): A unit measuring the magnitude of a sound, equal to the logarithm of the ratio of the intensity of the sound to the intensity of an arbitrarily chosen standard sound, specifically a sound just barely audible to an unimpaired human ear. For environmental noise from aircraft and other transportation sources, an A -weighted sound level (abbreviated dBA) is normally used. The A -weighting scale adjusts the Glossary - 2 Vernon General Plan Glossary values of different sound frequencies to approximate the auditory sensitivity of the human ear. Dedication: The turning over by an owner or developer of private land for public use, and the acceptance of land for such use by the governmental agency having jurisdiction over the public function for which it will be used. Derailment: An accident on a railway whereby a train leaves the rails. Designation: A generalized category of land use type, with associated standards of use and development. Development: Development has the meaning of Section 65927 (California Government Code) and is also any human -caused change to improved or unimproved real estate that requires a permit or approval from any agency of the city or county, including but not limited to, buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations and storage of materials. "Development' means, on land, in or under water, the placement or erection of any solid material or structure; discharge or disposal of any dredged material or of any gaseous, liquid, solid, or thermal waste; grading, removing, dredging, mining or extraction of any materials; change in the density or intensity of use of land, including, but not limited to, subdivision pursuant to the Subdivision Map Act (commencing with Section 66410 of the Government Code), and any other division of land except where the land division is brought about in connection with the purchase of such land by a public agency for public recreational use; change in the intensity of use of water, or of access thereto; construction, reconstruction, demolition, or alteration of the size of any structure, including any facility of any private, public, or municipal utility; and the removal or harvesting of major vegetation other than for agricultural purposes, kelp harvesting, and timber operations which are in accordance with a timber harvesting plan submitted pursuant to the provisions of the Z'berg-Nejedly Forest Practice Act of 1973 (commencing with Section 4511 of the Public Resources Code). As used in this section, "structure" includes, but is not limited to, any building, road, pipe, flume conduit, siphon, aqueduct, telephone line, and electrical power transmission and distribution line. "Development' does not mean a "change of organization", as defined in Government Code Section 56021 or a "reorganization', as defined in Government Code Section 56073. Element: A division of the General Plan referring to a topic area for which goals, policies, and programs are defined (e.g., land use, housing, circulation). EPA (Environmental Protection Agency): The United States agency charged with setting policy and guidelines and carrying out legal mandates for the protection of national interests in environmental resources. Fault: A fracture in the earth's crust forming a boundary between rock masses that have shifted. Glossary - 3 Vernon General Plan Glossary Floor -Area Ratio (FAR): The floor area of the building or buildings on a site or lot divided by the area of the site or lot. General Plan: A legal document which takes the form of a map and accompanying text adopted by the local legislative body. The plan is a compendium of policies regarding the long-term development of a jurisdiction. The state requires the preparation of seven elements or divisions as part of the plan: land use, housing, circulation, conservation, open space, noise, and safety. Ground Shaking: Ground movement resulting from the transmission of seismic waves during an earthquake. Groundwater: The supply of fresh water under the ground surface in an aquifer or soil that forms a natural reservoir. Hazardous Materials: An injurious substance, including pesticides, herbicides, toxic metals and chemicals, liquefied natural gas, explosives, volatile chemicals, and nuclear fuels. Historic: A historic building or site is one that is noteworthy for its significance in local, state, or national history or culture, its architecture or design, or its works of art, memorabilia, or artifacts. Household: According to the Census, a household is all persons living in a dwelling unit, whether or not they are related. Both a single person living in an apartment and a family living in a house are considered households. Implementation: An action, procedure, program, or technique that carries out General Plan policy. Intensity: the total building square footage, percent of lot coverage, or floor -area ratio established on a property. For the purposes of this General Plan, the intensity of non- residential development is described through the use of floor -area ratio. Intersection: Where two or more roads cross at grade. Intersection Capacity Utilization (ICU): A tool for measuring a roadway intersection's capacity. The method is applied using peak hour volumes and considers the geometric configuration of intersections when measuring capacity. Land Use: A description of how land is occupied or used. Glossary - 4 Vernon General Plan Level of Service (LOS): The efficiency and quality of traffic operations. Six categories of LOS - the letter designations A to F - are used to identify traffic conditions, with LOS A representing excellent conditions and LOS F representing extreme congestion. Liquefaction: A process by which water saturated granular soils transform from a solid to a liquid state due to groundshaking. This phenomenon usually results from shaking from energy waves released in an earthquake. Local Street: A street providing direct access to properties and designed to discourage through traffic. Lot: A legally recognized parcel of land abutting on one or more public or city -approved private streets. Lot coverage: The percentage of the total lot area covered by structures. Lot line: A line bounding a lot as described in a property survey. Mitigate: To ameliorate, alleviate, or avoid to the extent reasonably feasible Noise: Any sound which exceeds the appropriate actual or presumed ambient noise level which annoys or tends to disturb humans, or which causes or tends to cause an adverse psychological or physiological effect on humans. Noise Contours: Continuous lines of equal noise level usually drawn around a noise source, such as an airport or highway. The lines are generally drawn in five -decibel increments so that they resemble elevation contours in topographic maps. Nonconforming Use: An established use of a building or land which was legally initiated but which does not conform to the present code because of subsequent changes in land use regulations. Open Space (general descriptive term): Land without buildings. This is a general, descriptive term which places no restrictions on the use of the land. The definition of open space includes constructed open space (e.g. parks and plazas) and natural open space (essentially unimproved, with native habitat). Overcrowding- The federal government defines an overcrowded household as one with more than one person per room, excluding bathrooms, kitchens, hallways, and porches. Severely overcrowded households are households with greater than 1.5 persons per room. Overlay: A land use designation or a zoning designation that modifies the basic underlying designation in some specific manner. Glossary - 5 Vernon General Plan Glossary Overpayment: State and federal standards specify overpayment occurs if a household pays 30 percent or more of its gross income on housing. Parcel: The basic unit of land entitlement. A designated area of land established by plat, subdivision, or otherwise legally defined and permitted to be used or built upon. Planning Area: The planning area is the land areas addressed by the General Plan. For a city, the planning area boundary typically coincides with the sphere of influence and encompasses land both within the City limits and potentially annexable land. PM (Particulate matter): Solid or liquid particles of soot, dust, smoke, fumes, and aerosols. PMio: Particulate matter less than 10 microns. A major air pollutant consisting of tiny solid or liquid particles of soot, dust, smoke, fumes and aerosols. The size of the particles (10 microns or smaller, about 0.0004 inches or less) allows them to easily enter the air sacs in the lungs where they may be deposited, resulting in adverse health effects. PMro also causes visibility reduction and is a criteria air pollutant. Private: Of or concerning a particular person or group; not owned by a government body. Public: Of the people as a whole, or for the use and benefit of all. Rail yard: A complex series of railroad tracks for storing, sorting, or loading/unloading, railroad cars and/or locomotives. Yards may have multiple industries adjacent to them where railroad cars are loaded or unloaded and then stored before they move on to their new destination. Reclaimed water: Former wastewater (sewage) that has been treated and purified for reuse, rather than discharged into a body of water. Also known as recycled water. Recycled water: See "reclaimed water." Redevelopment: Redevelopment, under the California Community Redevelopment Law, is a process with the authority, scope, and financing mechanisms necessary to provide stimulus to reverse current negative business trends, remedy blight, provide job development incentives, and create a new image for a community. It provides for the planning, development, redesign, clearance, reconstruction, or rehabilitation, or any combination of these, and the provision of public and private improvements as may be appropriate or necessary in the interest of the general welfare. In a more general sense, redevelopment is a process in which existing development and use of land is replaced with newer development and/or use. Regional: Pertaining to activities or economies at a scale greater than that of a single jurisdiction and affecting a broad homogeneous area. Glossary - 6 Vernon General Plan Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA): The Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) is based on State of California projections of population growth and housing unit demand and assigns a share of the region's future housing need to each jurisdiction within the SCAG (Southern California Association of Governments) region. These housing need numbers serve as the basis for the update of the Housing Element in each California city and county. Regulation: A rule or order prescribed for managing government Remediation: Removal of pollution or contaminants from environmental media such as soil, groundwater, sediment, or surface water for the general protection of human health and the environment. Rendering: Rendering is a process that converts waste animal tissue into stable, value- added materials. Rendering can refer generally to any processing of animal byproducts into more useful materials, or more narrowly to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue into purified fats like lard or suet. Right-of-way: A strip of land occupied or intended to be occupied by certain transportation and public use facilities, such as roads, railroads, and utility lines. Sanitary Sewer: A system of subterranean conduits that carries refuse liquids or waste matter to a plant where the sewage is treated, as contrasted with storm drainage systems (that carry surface water) and septic tanks or leach fields (that hold refuse liquids and waste matter on site) Seismic: Caused by or subject to earthquakes or earth vibrations Setback: The distance from a defined point of line governing the placement of buildings, structures, parking, or uses on a lot. Sewer: Any pipe or conduit used to collect and carry away wastewater from the generating source to a treatment plant or discharge outfall. Site: A parcel of land used or intended for one use or a group of uses and having frontage on a public or an approved private street. Slaughtering: The killing of animals to produce food products. Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG): The Southern California Association of Governments is a regional planning agency that encompasses six counties: Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino, Orange, Los Angeles, and Ventura. SCAG is responsible for preparation of the Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA). Glossary - 7 Vernon General Plan Special Needs Groups: Those segments of the population which have a more difficult time finding decent affordable housing due to special circumstances. Under state planning law, these special needs groups consist of seniors, disabled, large households, female -headed households with children, farmworkers, homeless, and students. Special Assessment District: A unique geographic area in which the market value of real estate is enhanced due to the influence of a public improvement and in which a tax is apportioned to recover the costs of the public improvement. Sphere of Influence: The probable physical boundaries and service area of a local agency, as determined by the Local Agency Formation Commission of the county. Spur rail line: A short side track that connects with the main track of a railroad system. Standards: (1) A rule or measure establishing a level of quality or quantity that must be complied with or satisfied. The California Government Code (Section 65302) requires that General Plans describe "standards". Examples of standards might include the number of acres of parkland per 1,000 population that the community will attempt to acquire and improve. (2) Requirements in a zoning ordinance that govern building and development as distinguished from use restrictions; for example, site design regulations such as lot area, height limit, frontage, landscaping, and floor area ratio. Stormwater runoff: Stormwater is a term used to describe water that originates during precipitation events or runoff water from overwatering that enters the stormwater system. Stormwater that does not soak into the ground becomes surface runoff, which either flows into surface waterways or is channeled into storm sewers. Subdivision: The division of a tract of land into defined lots, either improved or unimproved, which can be separately conveyed by sale or lease, and which can be altered or developed. "Subdivision" includes a condominium project as defined in Section 1350 of the California Civil Code and a community apartment project as defined in Section 11004 of the Business and Professions Code. Tax increment: Additional tax revenues that result from increases in property values within a redevelopment area. State law permits the tax increment to be earmarked for redevelopment purposes but requires at least 20 percent to be used to increase and improve the community's supply of affordable housing. Toxic: Poisonous. Traffic Model: A mathematical representation of traffic movement within an area or region based on observed relationships between the kind and intensity of development in specific areas. Units At -Risk of Conversion: Housing units that are currently restricted to low-income housing use and will become unrestricted and possibly be lost as low-income housing. Glossary - 8 Vernon General Plan Use: The purpose for which land or a building is designed, arranged, or intended, or for which the land or building may be occupied or maintained. Vacant: Lands or buildings that are not actively used for any purpose. Volume -to -Capacity Ratio (V/C): A ratio between volume and theoretical roadway capacity, V/C is used to measure the performance of roadway facilities. Volume is established either by a traffic count (in the case of current volumes) or by a forecast for a future point in time. Capacity refers to the vehicle carrying ability of a roadway at free flow speed. Zoning: The division of a city or county by legislative regulations into areas, or zones, which specify allowable uses for real property and size restrictions for buildings within these areas; a program that implements policies of the General Plan. Requirements vary between zones, but they must be uniform within the same zone. The Zoning Code consists of a map and text. Vernon refers to its zoning code as the Zoning Ordinance. Zoning Map: The officially adopted zoning map of the city specifying the location of zoning districts within all geographic areas of the city. Glossary - 9 Vernon General Plan Glossary This page intentionally left blank. Glossary -10 VERNON GENERAL PLAN APPENDIX C HOUSING ELEMENT APPENDIX Vernon General Plan Housing Element Residential Units within the City of Vernon Jurisdiction 1. 3376 E. 50th Street 17. 4323 Furlong Place 2. 3378 E. 50th Street 18. 4324 Furlong Place 3. 3380 E. 50th Street 20. 4326 Furlong Place 4. 3382 E. 50th Street 21. 4327 Furlong Place 5. 3384 E. 50th Street 22. 4328 Furlong Place 6. 3386 E. 50th Street 23. 4329 Furlong Place 7. 3388 E. 50th Street 24. 4330 Furlong Place 8. 3390 E. 50th Street 25. 2328 E. Vernon Avenue 9. 3345 Fruitland Avenue 26. 2332 E. Vernon Avenue 10. 3349 Fruitland Avenue 27. 2334 E. Vernon Avenue 11. 3353 Fruitland Avenue 28. 3550 E. Vernon Avenue 12. 3357 Fruitland Avenue 29. 3560 E. Vernon Avenue 13. 3361 Fruitland Avenue 30. 2801 Leonis Boulevard 14. 3365 Fruitland Avenue 31. 2833 Leonis Boulevard 15. 4321 Furlong Place 16. 4322 Furlong Place 19. 4325 Furlong Place Housing Element Appendix -C-1 f • -' ..... •.... u-vu-rr .ru.r VVIYN\�,\I \t JIY\,ll'L'J vi UVY a CITY COUNCIL LS0145 C MALOURG Malror THOMASA. MR11A Mayor ry rTam WM. "BILL" DAVIS CoM&Mn H' LARRY" GONZALBS Cnuncatnen W. MICELM MCCORMICK Camcilmen BRUCB V. MALKPNHORST Car A,drNnlatnlnr/city Cie* Chief Rxmtive oauvr of ERIC T, FMCH . 6tyAft=wj CITY HALL 4305 SANTA.FE AVENUE, VERNON, CALIFORNIA 9003 TELEPHONE 08) 989-8fi11 May 26, 2005 Daniel Sheya Research Specialist H Demogmphic Research Unit 915 LStreot, $*floor Sacramento. CA 95814 JOHN ICARNS XaAe & Kaablan Genew counsel KHVIN WRSON "'Gem of C MMUFWy 00ry 9 water STEVEN P. PARIM Fitt Chid SOL M M'DiZ PnIke Chef LEIVIS I. POZzsBON Director of Rnrtavae W lfaaf8\ RORY BURNM Goruy, 8¢hnelder& Co. LLP CityAaounfent Acft Pfnence Dkedor Sub*t: E-5 Chy/County Population and Housing Estimates for Individual Conatles Dear Mr. Sheya: This letter is in response to your totter dated 'May 6, 2005. The City of Vernon would like to thank you for the opportunity to review the ".F,5 C,,i ounty Papulatiot and ity staX as reviewed the "Official Housing Estimates for Individual Counties". The C State Fstimtiiea as Of.Tanuary 1, 2005" data for the City of Vernon. Upon review of this list we have found the foHowiug figures listed within the document are incorrect. The City of Vernon is an industrial City with 31 housing units. The units -have been verifiod and are accurate. As seen in the supporting documentation our original submittal was accurate and we request that the list be corrected, Therefore, please change your records to reflect "me figures. Total $eusehold Group 96 96 0 Persons per household: 3.428 "Exr-halvely Industrial '0 •.� � � v, .yyv, aaa uW\r itliJ Dan 36eya Page 2 Stay26, 2005 lfyou have any 11 mgarding'Ilia wafter you may eoutaot Sergio Canales of my staff at (323) 583 881 extension 219. Very truly yours. zell ou, P.E. Director OfCommuwtyServiees and Water SKW/ac 6 Appendix C Standard Professional Services Contract SERVICES AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY OF VERNON AND [CONTRACTOR'S NAME] FOR [BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SERVICES] Contractor: Responsible Principal of Contractor: Notice Information - Contractor: Notice Information - City: Commencement Date: Termination Date: Consideration: Records Retention Period COVER PAGE [insert name of contractor] [insert name, title] [insert name of contractor] [insert insert street address] [insert city, state, zip code] Attention: [insert name, title] Phone: [insert phone number] Facsimile: [insert fax number] City of Vernon 4305 Santa Fe Avenue Vernon. CA 90058 Attention: Mark Whitworth, Interim City Administrator Telephone: (323) 583-8811 ext. 398 Facsimile: (323) 826-1408 [insert commencement date] [insert termination date], unless extended pursuant to Section 1 Total not to exceed $[insert amount] (includes all applicable sales tax); and more particularly described in Exhibit B [insert number of years contractor must retain records] SERVICES AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CITY OF VERNON AND [CONTRACTOR'S NAME] FOR [BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SERVICES] THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of 2011 ("Effective Date"), by and between the City of Vernon, a California charter City and California municipal corporation ("City"), and [Contractor's Name], a [State incorporated in] corporation ("Contractor'). City and Contractor are collectively referred to herein as the "Parties." RECITALS A. City desires to have certain [brief description of services] services provided as more fully set forth in the Scope of Services, attached hereto and incorporated herein as Exhibit A. B. Contractor represents it is qualified and capable of furnishing the labor, materials, and expertise necessary to perform such services in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows: Section 1. Term and Time of Performance. (a) This Agreement shall commence upon the Commencement Date listed on the Cover Page, and shall remain and continue in effect through the Termination Date listed on the Cover Page, unless sooner terminated pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement. City may renew this Agreement on a year-to-year basis at its discretion. Any services performed prior to the Effective Date listed above shall for all purposes be deemed to have been performed pursuant to this Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions hereof. (b) In the event that City renews this Agreement, Contractor may submit a proposal to increase its rates no later than thirty (30) days after receiving notice of City's intent to renew. Any increase in rates must be approved by City before such increase can take effect. If City fails to approve the proposed increase within thirty (30) days of receipt, Contractor may terminate the renewal by giving thirty (30) days written notice. Section 2. Performance. (a) Contractor shall perform the services and tasks described and set forth in the Scope of Services, Exhibit A ("Services"). Additional services must be mutually agreed upon in writing signed by both Parties prior to performance of those additional services. (b) Contractor shall at all times faithfully, competently and to the best of its ability, experience, and talent, perform all Services under this Agreement in accordance with the standard of care and skill ordinarily exercised by members of the profession currently practicing in the same locality under similar circumstances and in a manner reasonably satisfactory to City. (c) Contractor shall keep itself informed of all local, state, and federal ordinances, laws and regulations which in any manner affect those employed by it or in any way affect the performance of its Services pursuant to this Agreement. Contractor shall at all times observe and comply with all such ordinances, laws and regulations. City, and its officers, officials, employees, agents or volunteers shall not be liable at law or in equity occasioned by failure of Contractor to comply with this paragraph. (d) Contractor will not be compensated for any work performed not specified in Exhibit A unless City authorizes such work in advance and in writing. Section 3. Compensation. (a) City agrees to compensate Contractor, and Contractor agrees to accept in full satisfaction for the services and any supplies or goods required by this Agreement, a sum not to exceed the Consideration set forth on the Cover Page and more particularly described in Exhibit B. The Consideration shall constitute reimbursement of Contractor's fee for the Services as well as for all actual and necessary expenditures reasonably incurred in the performance of this Agreement (including without limitation, all labor, materials, equipment, supplies, delivery, tax, assembly, and installation, as applicable). (b) There shall be no claims for additional compensation for reimbursable expenses and Contractor shall not be reimbursed for any additional expenses. Section 4. Method of Payment. City shall pay Contractor the Consideration in accordance with the method and schedule of payment set forth in Exhibit B. Section 5. Responsible Principals. (a) Contractor's Responsible Principal set forth on the Cover Page shall be principally responsible for Contractor's obligations under this Agreement and shall serve as principal liaison between City and Contractor. Designation of another Responsible Principal by Contractor shall not be made without prior written consent of City. (b) City's Responsible Principal shall be the City Administrator or his designee who shall administer the terms of the Agreement on behalf of City. Section 6. Personnel. (a) All persons performing the services under this Agreement shall have all the necessary technical expertise, permits, professional licenses, certificates, training, and other qualifications required by this Agreement or other applicable laws. Contractor shall provide City with said permits, licenses, and certificates at the request of City. At any time, and for any reason or for no reason, City may request that Contractor replace any of Contractor's personnel. (b) Contractor represents that it has, or shall secure at its own expense, all personnel required to perform Contractor's Services under this Agreement. All personnel engaged in the work shall be qualified to perform such Services. Section 7. Permits and Licenses. Contractor shall obtain and maintain during the Agreement term all necessary licenses, permits and certificates required by law for the provision of services under this Agreement, including a business license. Section 8. Access. Contractor shall comply with all reasonable access and other restrictions that City may impose. No access to City property for performance of the Services shall be permitted prior to delivery to City of proof of insurance paid and maintained by Contractor. Section 9. Contractor's Duties and Representations. Contractor represents, covenants and agrees as follows: (a) There are no obligations, commitments, or impediments of any kind that will limit or prevent performance of the Services. (b) Contractor presently has no interest and shall not have any interest, direct or indirect, which would conflict in any manner with the performance of the Services contemplated by this Agreement. No person having any such interest shall be employed by or be associated with Contractor. (c) There is no litigation pending against Contractor and Contractor is not the subject of any criminal investigation or proceeding, and neither Contractor nor its personnel, to its actual knowledge, have been convicted of a felony. Section 10. Independent Contractor. (a) Contractor is and shall at all times remain, as to City, a wholly independent contractor. The personnel performing the Services under this Agreement on behalf of Contractor shall at all times be under Contractor's exclusive direction and control. Neither City nor any of its officers, officials, employees, agents, or volunteers shall have control over the conduct of Contractor or any of Contractor's officers, employees, or agents except as set forth in this Agreement. Contractor shall not at any time or in any manner represent that it or any of its officers, employees, or agents are in any manner officers, officials, employees, agents, or volunteers of City. Contractor shall not incur or have the power to incur any debt, obligation or liability whatsoever against City, or bind City in any manner. (b) No employee benefits shall be available to Contractor or its officers, employees, or agents in connection with the performance of this Agreement. Except for Consideration paid to Contractor as provided in the Agreement, City shall not pay salaries, wages, or other compensation to Contractor for performing services hereunder for the City. City shall not be liable for compensation or indemnification to Contractor or its officers, employees, or agents for injury or sickness arising out of performing services hereunder. Section 11. Termination. (a) Termination Right. City may, at any time, for any reason or for no reason, with or without cause, terminate this Agreement, by serving upon the Contractor at least five (5) calendar days prior written notice. Upon receipt of such notice, Contractor shall immediately cease all work under this Agreement, unless the notice provides otherwise. (b) In the event of termination or cancellation of this Agreement by City, due to no fault or failure of performance by Contractor, Contractor shall be paid based on the percentage of work satisfactorily performed at the time of termination. In no event shall Contractor be entitled to receive more than the amount that would be paid to Contractor for the full performance of the services required by this Agreement. Contractor shall have no other claim against City by reason of such termination, including any claim for compensation. 0 (c) Actions Subsequent to Termination. In the event of termination of this Agreement, Contractor shall deliver all Confidential Information, as defined in Section 13 below, to City within thirty (30) days after the termination of this Agreement. Contractor shall also take all such other action as City reasonably requires and shall cooperate with City to effectuate an orderly and systematic termination of Contractor's duties and activities hereunder. (d) All of the terms and conditions in the Agreement related to payment, confidentiality, indemnification, dispute resolution and waiver shall survive termination of this Agreement. Section 12. Limitation of City's Liability. City's liability on any kind of claim for any loss or damage arising out of, in connection with, or resulting from this Agreement, shall in no case exceed the amount that would be paid to Contractor for the full performance of the services required by this Agreement. In no event shall City be liable for anticipated profits or for incidental, consequential or punitive damages. City shall not be liable for penalties of any description. Section 13. Confidential Status; Disclosure of Information. (a) Confidential Status; Disclosure of Information. All data, floor plans, designs, maps, surveys, drawings, models, reports, logs, documents, materials or other information developed or created by Contractor, received by Contractor, or provided to Contractor for the performance of this Agreement ("Confidential Information') are deemed confidential and shall not be disclosed by Contractor to any third party without City's prior written consent. City shall grant consent if disclosure is legally required. All Confidential Information shall be returned to City upon the termination of this Agreement. Contractor's covenant under this section shall survive the termination of this Agreement. City may disclose to third parties any Confidential Information at its sole discretion. (b) Contractor's obligation not to disclose any Confidential Information shall not extend to information that: i. was in the possession of, or was rightfully known by, the Contractor without an obligation to maintain its confidentiality prior to receipt from City; is or becomes generally known to the public without violation of this Agreement; iii. is obtained without an obligation of confidentiality by the Contractor in good faith from a third party having the right to disclose it without an obligation of confidentiality; or iv. information which is required to be disclosed pursuant to any court order or directive having the force of law. (c) The provisions of this section shall survive the termination of this Agreement. Section 14. Records and Inspections. Contractor shall maintain full and accurate records with respect to all matters covered under this Agreement for Records Retention Period. City shall have access, without charge, during normal business hours to such records, and the right to examine and audit the same and to make copies and transcripts therefrom, and to inspect all program data, documents, proceedings and activities. Section 15. Default. Contractor's failure to comply with the provisions of this Agreement shall constitute a default. In the event that Contractor is in default under the terms of this Agreement, City shall have no obligation or duty to continue compensating Contractor for any work performed after the date of default and can terminate this Agreement immediately by written notice to Contractor. Section 16. Indemnification. Contractor agrees to defend, indemnify, protect and hold harmless City, its officers, officials, employees, agents, and volunteers from and against any and all claims, suits, demands, actions, losses, damages, judgments, settlements, penalties, fines, defensive costs or expenses, including without limitation, interest, attorneys' fees and expert witness fees, or liability of any kind or nature arising out of or attributable to the acts or omissions of Contractor, or Contractor's officers, employees, or agents which in any way arise out of, result from, or are in any way related to the performance or non-performance of this Agreement, excepting only liability arising out of the sole negligence or willful misconduct of City, its officers, officials, employees, agents, or volunteers. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION SHALL SURVIVE THE EXPIRATION OR EARLIER TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT. Section 17. Insurance. (a) Contractor shall at all times during the term of this Agreement carry, maintain, and keep in full force and effect, a policy or policies of Comprehensive General Liability Insurance, with minimum limits of Two Million Dollars ($2,000,000) for each occurrence, combined single limit, against any personal injury, death, loss or damage resulting from the wrongful or negligent acts by Contractor or Contractor's officers, employees, or agents. (b) Contractor shall at all times during the term of this Agreement carry, maintain, and keep in full force and effect, a policy or policies of Comprehensive Vehicle Liability insurance covering personal injury and property damage, with minimum limits of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000) per occurrence, combined single limit, covering any vehicle utilized by Contractor in performing the services required by this Agreement. (c) Contractor agrees to maintain in force at all times during the performance of work under this Agreement workers compensation as required by law. (d) The policy or policies required by this Agreement shall be issued by an insurer admitted in the State of California and with a rating of at least a B+; VII in the latest edition of Best's Insurance Guide. (e) Contractor agrees that if it does not keep the aforesaid insurance in full force and effect City may either immediately terminate this Agreement or, if insurance is available at a reasonable cost, City may take out the necessary insurance and pay, at Contractor's expense, the premium thereon. (f) At all times during the term of this Agreement, Contractor shall maintain on file with the Risk Manager, a certificate or certificates of insurance, satisfactory to the City Attorney and Risk Manager, showing that the aforesaid policies are in effect in the required amounts. Contractor shall, prior to commencement of work under this Agreement, file with the Risk Manager, such certificate or certificates. The policies of insurance required by this Agreement shall contain an endorsement naming the City as additional insured. All of the policies required under this Agreement shall contain an endorsement providing that the policies cannot be canceled or reduced except on thirty (30) days prior written notice to City, and specifically stating that the coverage contained in the policies affords insurance pursuant to the terms and conditions as set forth in this Agreement. (g) The insurance provided by Contractor shall be primary to any coverage available to City, and any insurance or self-insurance maintained by City, its officers, employees, agents, or volunteers shall be excess of Contractor's insurance and shall not contribute with it. The policies of insurance required by this Agreement shall include provisions for waiver of subrogation. Contractor hereby waives all rights of subrogation against City. (h) Any deductibles or self -insured retentions must be declared to and approved by City. At the option of City, Contractor shall either reduce or eliminate the deductibles or self -insured retentions with respect to City, or Contractor shall procure a bond guaranteeing payment of losses and expenses. Section 18. Assignment and Subcontracting. Contractor shall not assign or attempt to assign any portion of this Agreement, or subcontract any required performance hereunder, without the prior written approval of City. Any assignment or subcontract made in violation of this section is invalid and void. Section 19. Arbitration and Venue. Any dispute, claim or controversy arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the breach, termination, enforcement, interpretation or validity thereof, including the determination of the scope or applicability of this Agreement to arbitrate, shall'be determined by arbitration in Los Angeles, California, before three arbitrators. The arbitration shall be administered by JAMS pursuant to its Streamlined Arbitration Rules and Procedures. All decisions of the arbitrators shall be in writing, and the arbitrators shall provide written reasons for their decision. The arbitration decision shall be final and binding on the Parties. Judgment on the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction pursuant to this Agreement. This clause shall not preclude Parties from seeking provisional remedies in aid of arbitration from a court having jurisdiction pursuant to this Agreement. The exclusive jurisdiction and venue under this Agreement shall be the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County. Section 20. Attorneys Fees. In the event a dispute, claim or litigation arises regarding this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to reimbursement for reasonable attorneys fees and actual costs, which may be set by the arbitrators or the court in the same action or in a separate action brought for that purpose, in addition to any other relief which is obtained. Section 21. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be interpreted and enforced according to, and the Parties rights and obligations governed by, the domestic law of the State of California, without regard to its laws regarding choice of applicable law. Section 22. Entire Agreement and Modifications. This Agreement, including attachments incorporated herein by reference, represents the entire agreement and understanding between City, and any negotiation, proposals or oral agreements are intended to be integrated herein and to be superseded by this Agreement. This Agreement may only be modified by a writing signed by both Parties. Section 23. Waiver. The waiver by either party of a breach or default by the other party shall not be deemed a waiver of any different or later breach whether of the same or other covenant or condition; nor shall any delay or omission by either party to exercise any right it may have hereunder operate as a waiver of any breach or default of such a right. The failure of either party to this Agreement to exercise any of its rights under this Agreement does not constitute a breach thereof and shall not be deemed to be a waiver of such rights or a waiver of any subsequent breach. No waiver, benefit, privilege, or service voluntarily given or performed by a party shall give the other party any contractual rights by custom, estoppel, or otherwise. Section 24. Force Maieure. Neither party shall be considered in default of any of its obligations under this Agreement when a failure of performance shall be due to an uncontrollable force. The term "uncontrollable force" shall mean flood, earthquake, storm, fire, lightning, epidemic, war, riot, civil disturbance or disobedience, federal, state, or municipal action, statute, ordinance, or regulation, embargoes of the United States Government or any other government, which by exercise of due diligence such party could not reasonably have been expected to avoid and by exercise of due diligence has been unable to overcome. Either party rendered unable to fulfill any of its obligations under this Agreement by reason of an uncontrollable force shall give written notice within five (5) business days of such fact to the other party and shall exercise due diligence to remove such inability with all reasonable dispatch. Section 25. City Not Obligated to Third Parties. City shall not be obligated or liable under this Agreement to any party other than Contractor. Section 26. Notices. All notices, approvals, consents and other communications between the Parties shall be in writing, and shall be sent by certified mail (return receipt requested) or other delivery service which provides evidence of delivery, using the address set forth on the Cover Page under "Notice Information - City" or "Notice Information — Vendor," as appropriate, or at such other address as may be furnished by either party to the other in writing. Mailed notices will be deemed communicated as of the day of receipt. Section 27. Cover Page and Exhibits. The Cover Page and all documents referenced as exhibits in this Agreement are hereby incorporated in this Agreement. In the event of any material discrepancy between the express provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of any document incorporated herein by reference, the provisions of this Agreement shall prevail. Section 28. Headings. Headings used in this Agreement are for convenience reference only and shall not affect the interpretation of the Agreement. Section 29. Survival of Terms. All of the terms and conditions in this Agreement related to payment, confidentiality, indemnification, dispute resolution and waiver shall survive termination of this Agreement. Section 30. Severability. Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such a manner as to be valid under applicable law. If any provision of this Agreement is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remaining provisions shall nevertheless continue in full force and effect, and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated. Section 31. Authority To Execute This Agreement. The person or persons executing this Agreement on behalf of Contractor warrants and represents that he or she has the authority to execute this Agreement on behalf of Contractor and has the authority to bind Contractor to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement. [Signatures Begin on Next Page]. 0 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have signed this Agreement as of the date stated in the introductory clause. City of Vernon, a California charter City [CONTRACTOR'S NAME], a [State and California municipal corporation incorporated in] corporation By: By: HILARIO GONZALES Name: Mayor Title: ATTEST: Name: WILLARD G. YAMAGUCHI, City Clerk Title: APPROVED AS TO FORM: 10 EXHIBIT B SCOPE OF SERVICES Contractor will perform the following work pursuant to this Agreement: 11 EXHIBIT C FLAT FEE [Example (Delete and replace with actual terms):] [Contractor shall be paid $[insert flat amount] to perform all Services described in Exhibit A.] [Contractor shall invoice City [FREQUENCY] for Services provided under this Agreement.] [Example (Delete and replace with actual terms):] 12